A protocol for experimental challenge with infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) virus was defined with brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis as the model species. Fish were exposed by immersion for 5 h in water containing IPN virus at a concentration of 10 5 plaque‐forming units per milliliter. We propose the protocol as a standard challenge based on our studies of exposure methods and host response to virulent virus. Immersion challenge induced higher and more consistent mortality than did challenge by hyperosmotic infiltration. Challenge virus should be sequentially transferred no more than five times in cell culture because further transfers reduced the virulence of the virus. At 12°C, mortalities due to primary infection occurred 6–12 d after immersion challenge and were highest (≥70%) in fish 27–56 d old. Susceptibility to lethal infection was enhanced by nutritional stress.

Transactions of the American Fisheries Society↗

USGS1986

Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus in striped bass Morone saxatilis: experimental infection of fry and fingerlings

No abstract available.

Diseases of Aquatic Organisms↗

USGS1986

Immunoblot assay: a rapid and sensitive method for identification of salmonid fish viruses

An immunoblot assay was used to identify the viruses of infectious pancreatic necrosis, infectious hematopoietic necrosis, and viral hemorrhagic septicemia. Viral antigen in infected cell culture supernatant was adsorbed onto nitrocellulose membrane or Whatman 541 filter paper and detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. The immunoblot assay took less than 4 hr to perform and required no special instrumentation. Assays using cell culture supernatant fluids showed immunoblot sensitivity was 10 5 –10 6 PFU/ml. Assay sensitivity, determined using purified virus, is 0.85–4.0 ng of viral antigen. The immunoblot assay was used to detect and identify virus in cell culture fluids.

Journal of Wildlife Diseases↗

USGS1985

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibody against infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus

A hybridoma cell line that continually secretes antibody against infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus was developed and designated M-IHNV-W1. Antibodies in culture fluids were concentrated and purified by Protein A Sepharose CL-4B affinity chromatography. The immunoglobulin was isotyped as IgG 2b with a kappa light chain. The IgG was specific for infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus and had binding activity but low neutralizing activity. Little cross-reactivity occurred with viral hemorrhagic septicemia or infectious pancreatic necrosis viruses.

Fish Pathology↗

USGS1985

Viral diseases of fish: first report of carp pox in golden ide (Leuciscus idus) in North America

Carp pox, a putative viral disease exotic to North America, occurred in golden ide 1 yr after the fish were imported into the United States from the Federal Republic of Germany. The raised, white, plaque-like lesions, which occurred on about 5% of the fish, healed spontaneously and caused no mortality. Electron micrographs showed herpesvirus-like particles associated with lesion specimens; however, no infectious viruses were detected in tests with seven warmwater fish cell lines.

Journal of Wildlife Diseases↗

USGS1985