USGS Science⌕ Search

SEARCH · USGS Science

Results for “Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition”

Search indexed USGS publications on groundwater, aquifers, geologic maps, mineral resources and earthquakes. Explore source records by subject and place.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
USGS1980

Evaluation of new spectral bands for multi-spectral imaging: SMIRR aircraft test results

A 10-channel radiometer called the Shuttle Multispectral Infrared Radiometer (SMIRR) is scheduled to take data from orbit on the second shuttle orbital light test. As part of the instrument test sequence, a series of aircraft flights was carried out over 10 test areas in Utah and Nevada. Apart from vegetation, the materials exposed at the surface were volcanic sequences ranging from tuffs to basalts, areas of hydrothermally altered volcanic rocks, sedimentary sequences of sandstone and carbonate rocks, and alluvial cover.

Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition↗
USGS1980

Airborne Fraunhofer line discriminator (FLD) luminescence imaging systems and its application to exploration problems

Experiments with an imaging airborne Fraunhofer line discriminator (FLD) are being conducted to establish the feasibility of delineating the areal extent of luminescent materials on the earth's surface from aircraft and spacecraft. All luminescence measurements are related to a standard set of conditions with rhodamine wt dye used as a reference standard. The FLD has a minimum detectable rhodamine wt concentration of 0.1 parts per billion (ppb) at a signal-to-noise ratio of 5.0. Luminescence, when expressed in a signal-to-noise ratio (R) is related to equivalent ppb rhodamine wt through the relationship ppb=(0.1R-0.4). Luminescent materials imaged from an aircraft altitude of approximately 2400 m above terrain include fluorite in association with molybdenum, Pinenut Mountains, Nevada (R=62.0); mineralized playas, Claunch, New Mexico (R=960.0); uranium and vanadium-bearing outcrops, Big Indian Valley, Utah (R=105.0); uranophane sandstones, Sandia Mountains, New Mexico (R=60.0); phosphate outcrops, Pine Mountain, California (R=76.0); and marine oil slicks, Santa Barbara Channel, California (R=24.0). Correlation between the amount of fluorite in the rocks and soils of the Pinenut Mountains and luminescence, measured by the FLD, is as high as 0.88 at the 95 percent confidence level.

Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition↗
USGS1980

Digital mapping of limonitic rocks by using Landsat MSS radio data

Color-ratio composite images of Landsat MSS (multi-spectral scanner) bands have been used by other workers to map the distribution of limonitic rocks in semi-arid and arid areas as possible indicators of hydrothermal alteration (Rowan et al, 1974). The images are particularly useful for broad overviews, but detailed analysis at large scales requires both numerical analysis of the ratio values to distinguish consistently among categories of limonitic rocks and a precise transfer of the data to large-scale base maps. Both requirements can be met by digital classification followed by a precise geometric registration of the classified data.

Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition↗
USGS1980

Interpretation of long- and short-wavelength magnetic anomalies

Magset was launched on October 30, 1979. More than a decade of examining existing data, devising appropriate models of the global magnetic field, and extending methods for interpreting long-wavelength magnetic anomalies preceded this launch Magnetic data collected by satellite can be interrupted by using a method of analysis that quantitively describes the magnetic field resulting from three-dimensional geologic structures that are bounded by an arbitrary number of polygonal faces, Each face my have any orientation and three or more sides. At each point of the external field, the component normal to each face is obtained by using an expression for the solid angle subtended by a generalized polygon. The "cross" of tangential components are relatively easy to obtain for the same polygons. No approximations have been made related to orbit height that restrict the dimensions of the polygons relative to the distance from the external field points. This permits the method to be used to model shorter wavelength anomalies obtained from aircraft or ground surveys. The magnetic fields for all the structures considered are determine in the same rectangular coordinate system. The coordinate system is in depended from the orientation of geologic trends and permits multiple structures or bodies to be included in the same magnetic field calculations. This single reference system also simplified adjustments in position and direction to account for earth curvature in regional interpretation.

Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition↗
USGS1980

Considerations for blending data from various sensors

A project is being proposed at the EROS Data Center to blend the information from sensors aboard various satellites. The problems of, and considerations for, blending data from several satellite-borne sensors are discussed. System descriptions of the sensors aboard the HCMM, TIROS-N, GOES-D, Landsat 3, Landsat D, Seasat, SPOT, Stereosat, and NOSS satellites, and the quantity, quality, image dimensions, and availability of these data are summaries to define attributes of a multi-sensor satellite data base. Unique configurations of equipment, storage, media, and specialized hardware to meet the data system requirement are described as well as archival media and improved sensors that will be on-line within the next 5 years. Definitions and rigor required for blending various sensor data are given. Problems of merging data from the same sensor (intrasensor comparison) and from different sensors (intersensor comparison), the characteristics and advantages of cross-calibration of data, and integration of data into a product matrix field are addressed. Data processing considerations as affected by formation, resolution, and problems of merging large data sets, and organization of data bases for blending data are presented. Examples utilizing GOES and Landsat data are presented to demonstrate techniques of data blending, and recommendations for future implementation of a set of standard scenes and their characteristics necessary for optimal data blending are discussed.

Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition↗
USGS1980

Integration of geological, geochemical, and geophysical spatial data of the Cement oil field, Oklahoma, test site

Measurement pertaining to geology, geochemistry, and geophysics of the Cement oil field, Oklahoma, test site were collected employing both airborne sensors and ground-based data collection. The measurements include: (1) airborne gamma-ray spectrometry (supplying bismuth 214, thalium 208, and potassium 40 gamma-ray intensities); (2) aeromagnetic survey data; (3) multi-frequency airborne resistivity survey data (supplying apparent electrical resistivity of near surface materials); (4) gravity data; (5) geological and topographic maps; and (6) image data from Landsat MSS and U-2 photography.

Oklahoma↗
USGS1980

Introduction to the workshop

The Workshop on Digital Data Processing will examine future needs and requirements for digital aspects of remote sensing. The session will start with several formal presentations that relate to key areas in digital processing and related technology. A general panel discussion on future needs and potential problem areas will follow.

Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition↗
USGS1980

Airborne-biogeochemical survey test-case results

Airborne spectroradiometer surveys over several forest-covered sulfide bodies indicate that mineralization has affected the overlying vegetation; anomalous spectral reflectivity properties can be detected in the vegetation using appropriate remote-sensing interments and data-reduction techniques. Mineralization induces subtle changes in the shape of the chlorophyll a and b absorption spectrum between 550 and 750 nm. The observed spectral variations appear specifically to be on the wings of the broad red chlorophyll bars, centered at about 680 nm.

Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition↗
USGS1980

Detection and modeling of subsurface coal oxidation

The oxidation and sustained ignition of coal and coaly wastes within surface coal mine spoils in the southwestern U.S. have hampered the success of reclamation efforts at these locations. To assess better the magnitude, depth, geometry, and dynamics of the oxidation process thermal infrared remote sensing data have been used. Digital thermal imagery was found to be useful for this purpose and was integrated with finite different heat transfer models to yield predictions of several characteristics of the thermal source. In addition to thermal infrared imagery, aerial color and false color infrared imagery were found to provide useful information for the interpretation of oxidation phenomena by means of variations in surface vegetation, color of the surface material, subsidence, etc. The combined use of thermal infrared imagery and thermal modeling techniques are well suited for use in exploration and interpretation of other thermal targets.

Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition↗
USGS1980

Need for new sensors to map lithologic units

One of the most important contributions that remote sensing can make to mineral energy explorations to provide data from satellites to augment regional geological mapping. Geologic maps, which show information on the subsurface, are the main basis for formulating models of resource genesis that guide exploration. However, conventional compilation procedures are time-consuming and therefore often slow the pace of exploration, especially in large, inaccessible areas. Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) images have been applied to a wide variety of specific geological problems, including discrimination of lithologic and delineation of previously unrecognized tectonic features. However, these lithologic distinctions are based on brightness, spectral reflectance, and, less commonly, the morphology of the unit, which in the wavelength region of MSS images are only rarely diagnostic of specific mineralogical content. Limonite is the only lithological material that can be identified be analyzing MSS spectral radiance.

Sixth Annual Pecora Symposium and Exposition↗