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Research about Georgia

Source-linked reports with geographic coverage including Georgia.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
USGS1981

Ground-water data for Georgia, 1980

More than 2,000 water-level measurements made in Georgia in 1980 provided the basic data for this report. Daily mean water-level fluctuations and trends are shown in hydrographs for the previous year and fluctuations of the monthly mean water level are shown for the previous 10 years in selected observation wells in Georgia. Monitoring ground-water levels is essential to the understanding of storage changes in a ground-water reservoir or aquifer. Fluctuations and long-term trends in water levels occur as a result of recharge to and discharge from the reservoir. Mean annual water levels across Georgia were from 1.92 feet higher to 12.61 feet lower in 1980 than in 1979, and in some areas were the lowest on record. (USGS)

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USGS1981

Cedar Creek at Cedartown, Georgia, floodflow characteristics from West Girard Avenue to the Georgia Avenue Relocation

In cooperation with the Highway Division, Georgia Department of Transportation, the U.S. Geological Survey determined the backwater effects of existing bridges and dikes on Cedar Creek at Cedartown, Georgia, for the reach from West Girard Avenue to the Georgia Avenue relocation. The maximum backwater effect for the bridges was 1.7 feet in the upstream approach at the Seaboard Coastline Railroad bridge as a combined result of the Georgia Highway 278 bridge and the Seaboard Coastline Railroad bridge. The maximum effect from the existing dikes was 0.7 foot at the approach section of Georgia Highway 278.

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USGS1981

Potential source for crushed granite aggregate in Heard County, Georgia

The production of crushed stone suitable for highway and general construction is a major industry in Georgia. The state ranks eighth in the nation in overall crushed stone production, and first in crushed granite production. Crushed stone production in Georgia in 1979 was 40,902,000 short tons worth $154,021,000 (D.H. White, Jr., US Bureau of Mines, personal commun., Aug. 1980). More than 3,000 people were employed by the crushed stone industry in Georgia during that year. Presently, the only active quarry in Heard County is located in an amphibolite. Amphibolite is not a conventional aggregate. It has a high specific gravity, a tendency to make elongate fragments, and varies considerably in abrasion tests. Because the nearest approved aggregate quarry is more than 25 miles from Franklin, the county seat, the purpose of this brief report is to describe a body of granite gneiss that may provide suitable aggregate for the crushed stone industry, potential quarry operators and various agencies in Heard County. This report is part of a project to study the geology and mineral resources of the Piedmont south of the Brevard Zone, and is not intended to supplant detailed site investigations by industry or consultants. The report is a joint effort between the Georgia Geologic Survey and the Office of Materials and Research of the Georgia Department of Transportation.

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USGS1980

A practical Lagrangian transport model

An unconditionally stable and practical transport model for use in upland streams and rivers has been developed and verified. Basing the model on the Lagrangian, rather than the Eulerian, reference frame greatly reduces the numerical problems associated with solving the advective terms of the convective-diffusion equation. The model contains almost no numerical dispersion, is conceptually simple, and is relatively easy to code. Model results closely simulated dye concentrations measured in the Chattahoochee River near Atlanta, Ga. under highly unsteady flow conditions.

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USGS1980

Ground-water data for Georgia, 1979

This report continues a publication format that annually presents both water-level and water-quality data. In this format the information is presented in two-page units: the left page presents a text which summarizes the information for an area or subject and the right page consists of one or more illustrations. Daily mean water-level fluctuations and trends are shown in hydrographs for the previous year and fluctuations of the monthly mean water level for the previous 10 years in selected observation wells in Georgia. The selected wells best illustrate the effects of changes in recharge and discharge in the various ground-water reservoirs in the State A short narrative explains fluctuations and trends in each hydrograph. Monitoring ground-water levels is essential to the understanding of storage changes and other changes in a ground-water reservoir or aquifer. Fluctuations and long-term trends in water levels occur as a result of recharge to and discharge from the reservoir. Varying rates of recharge occur chiefly as a result of varying rates of precipitation, evapotranspiration, and surface-water infiltration into the ground-water reservoir. Discharge occurs as natural flow from the aquifer to streams and springs, direct ground-water evapotranspiration, and as manmade withdrawal from wells. Ground-water levels have been monitored in Georgia for at least a hundred years. Most of the data gathered were used in area 1 reconnaissance studies, and published, usually as tables, with a few graphs of water-level trends. These data had limited value, especially considering the time lag between data collection and publication. With the advent of continuously monitoring recorders and computer processing of data, this information can now be presented to the user in an understandable and timely manner.

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USGS1980

A preliminary appraisal of the effects of agriculture on stream quality in southwest Georgia

Water—quality and suspended—sediment samples were collected in two basins in southwest Georgia to determine whether water—quality problems have resulted from agricultural practices. Samples were collected monthly and during periods of storm runoff from December 1976 through July 1978. Concentrations of chemical constituents relevant to agricultural practices were found to be low, even during periods of storm runoff. Concentrations of total nitrogen and total phosphorus ranged from 0.30 to 1.60 and 0.01 to 0.42 milligrams per liter, respectively. Copper, arsenic, lead, mercury, and zinc concentrations were low and did not exceed Georgia Department of Natural Resources (1977) or U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1977) standards for safe drinking water. Concentrations of suspended sediment and total nitrogen were found to remain relatively constant over a wide range of water discharge. Concentrations of total phosphorus showed a better relation to water discharge at Little River near Lenox than at Spring Creek near Iron City. Dissolved—solids concentrations in both streams generally decreased with an increase in water discharge. Average annual yields of selected constituents were low. Total nitrogen and total phosphorus yields were 0.60 to 0.63 and 0.04 to 0.06 tons per year per square mile in Little River and Spring Creek basins. Atrazine, butylate, and ethroprop pesticides were detected in concentrations up to 0.91 micrograms per liter in storm— runoff samples collected during the active farming season.

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USGS1980

Erosion, sediment discharge, and channel morphology in the upper Chattahoochee River basin, Georgia, with a discussion of the contribution of suspended sediment to stream quality

The 3,550 square miles of the Upper Chattahoochee River basin is an area of diverse physiographic and land-use characteristics. The headwater areas are mountainous with steep, relatively narrow channels. Land in the headwater areas is heavily forested, but small towns and farms are common in the valleys of large streams. Downstream, the basin is characterized by low hills and wider stream channels. Land in this part of the basin is also predominantly forested; however, large agricultural and urban areas are common. Urban land use is particularly intensive within the Atlanta Metropolitan Area.

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USGS1980

An economic analysis of selected strategies for dissolved-oxygen management; Chattahoochee River, Georgia

A method for evaluating the cost-effectiveness of alternative strategies for dissolved-oxygen (DO) management is demonstrated, using the Chattahoochee River, GA., as an example. The conceptual framework for the analysis is suggested by the economic theory of production. The minimum flow of the river and the percentage of the total waste inflow receiving nitrification are considered to be two variable inputs to be used in the production of given minimum concentration of DO in the river. Each of the inputs has a cost: the loss of dependable peak hydroelectric generating capacity at Buford Dam associated with flow augmentation and the cost associated with nitrification of wastes. The least-cost combination of minimum flow and waste treatment necessary to achieve a prescribed minimum DO concentration is identified. Results of the study indicate that, in some instances, the waste-assimilation capacity of the Chattahoochee River can be substituted for increased waste treatment; the associated savings in waste-treatment costs more than offset the benefits foregone because of the loss of peak generating capacity at Buford Dam. The sensitivity of the results to the estimates of the cost of replacing peak generating capacity is examined. It is also demonstrated that a flexible approach to the management of DO in the Chattahoochee River may be much more cost effective than a more rigid, institutional approach wherein constraints are placed on the flow of the river and(or) on waste-treatment practices. (USGS)

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USGS1980

Water resources data for Georgia, water year 1979

Water resources data for the 1979 water year for Georgia consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and ground-water levels. This report contains discharge records for 100 gaging stations; stage for 10 gaging stations; stage and contents for 17 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 25 continuous stations, 151 periodic stations and miscellaneous sites; peak stage and discharge only for 98 crest-stage partial-record stations and 12 miscellaneous sites; measurements of discharge at 110 low-flow partial-record stations and 21 miscellaneous sites; and water levels of 28 observation wells. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Georgia.

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USGS1980

Water resources data for Georgia, water year 1980

Water resources data for the 1980 water year for Georgia consists of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of streams; stage and contents of lakes and reservoirs; and ground-water levels. This report contains discharge records for 105 gaging stations; stage for 9 gaging stations; stage and contents for 17 lakes and reservoirs; water quality for 22 continuous stations, 129 periodic stations and miscellaneous sites; peak stage and discharge only for 109 crest-stage partial-record stations and 15 miscellaneous sites; measurements of discharge at 108 low-flow partial-record stations and 69 miscellaneous sites; and water levels of 28 observation wells. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Georgia.

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USGS1980

Channel and dynamic flow characteristics of the Chattahoochee River, Buford Dam to Georgia Highway 141

Detailed flow and cross-section data for a 17-mile reach of the Chattahoochee River in northeast Georgia are described and summarized. Flow data include measurements of highly dynamic stage and discharge at five stations during the period March 21-23, 1976. Flow data were collected at 5-minute intervals and are listed accordingly. Coordinate data for 39 cross sections in the study reach are also listed. A mathematical model is developed and applied whereby stage data collected at a single station can be used to compute highly dynamic discharge at the station. The model is based on the continuity and momentum equations that describe unsteady, one-dimensional flow in open channels. Both equations are transformed to a single quadratic equation which describes mean flow velocity at a single station. Flow-geometry parameters used by the model are computed using cross-section coordinates and the equation which describes the area of an irregular polygon. Use of the model in conjunction with highly dynamic stage data collected on March 23, 1976, provided close agreement between measured and computed discharges. The model was also used to investigate the sensitivity of highly dynamic discharge to channel and flow parameters. Computed discharge was most sensitive to changes in channel roughness and slope.

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