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Paleoecological evaluation of Late Eocene biostratigraphic zonations of the Pacific Coast of North America
The late Eocene zonal criteria of the west coast of North America are to a large extent controlled by paleoecology and, therefore, the correlation of coeval but environmentally different benthic foraminiferal faunas cannot be achieved before paleoecological control of the biostratigraphy is understood. The faunal trends, morphology, characteristic occurrences and estimated upper depth limits of the benthic foraminifers and associated microfossils in the Oregon and Washington study sections lead to the recognition of paleoecologic facies. The interpretation of these late Eocene facies as bathymetric and low-oxygen facies is based on analogous late Eocene and Holocene assemblages. The paleoecologic facies criteria are often identical to the stage and zonal criteria. In the California zonal schemes, the Narizian zones are identified by lower and middle bathyal faunas whereas the Refugian zones are identified by outer neritic and upper bathyal faunas. The Washington late Eocene zones are identified by middle bathyal and transported neritic faunas. Modifications of the existing zonal schemes such that time and not paleoecology is the controlling factor results in a zonation that synthesizes the existing zonal schemes, recognizes regional stratigraphic ranges of diagnostic species, and removes paleoecologically controlled species occurrences. The late Narizian encompasses a bathyal and a neritic facies. The bathyal facies is correlative with a modified Bulimina corrugata Zone of California and the Uvigerina cf. U. yazooensis Zone of Washington. The neritic late Narizian facies corresponds to a modified Bulimina schencki-Plectofrondicularia cf. P. jenkinsi Zone of Washington and a modified Amphimorphina jenkinsi Zone of California. The Refugian can also be divided into a neritic and a bathyal facies. Although the early and late subdivisions of this stage are tentative, the early Refugian is equivalent to the modified versions of the Cibicides haydoni and the Uvigerina atwilli Subzones of the Valvulineria tumeyensis Zone and the Uvigerina vicksburgensis Zone (in part) of California and the modified version of the Sigmomorphina schencki Zone of Washington. The late Refugian is equivalent to modified versions of the California Uvigerina vicksburgensis Zone (in part) and the Washington Cassidulina galvinensis Zone. The Cibicides haydoni Subzone is the neritic facies of the Refugian Stage, whereas the faunas of the Uvigerina atwilli Subzone and the Uvigerina vicksburgensis, Sigmomorphina schencki and Cassidulina galvinensis Zones represent the bathyal Refugian facies.
Paleontology of the Eureka district
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Bibliography of North American invertebrate paleontology, being a report upon the publications that have hitherto been made upon the invertebrate paleontology of North America, including the West Indies and Greenland
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Geology of the Yellowstone National Park: Part II. Descriptive geology, petrography, and paleontology
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Nomenclatural problems of Breviphrentis stumm, 1949 and Contophrentis new genus (Devonian rugose corals)
The siphonophrentidae is a family of Devonian rugose corals that are known mostly from eastern North America, a part of the Eastern Americas biogeographical Realm (EAR) during the Devonian. Breviphrentis Stumm, 1949, has been considered a siphonophrentid by most previous authors and, in a recent monograph (Oliver, 1993), I described three EAR species as Breviphrentis and referred others to the genus.
Preliminary report on the paleontology of the Black Hills, containing descriptions of new species of fossils from the Potsdam, Jurassic, and Cretaceous formations of the Black Hills of Dakota
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[Book review] Descriptions of thirty-two new species of birds from the Hawaiian Islands: Part I. Non-Passeriformes [and] Part II. Passeriformes
Perhaps the great appeal of paleontological studies is that they inspire visions of past worlds richer and more interesting than our own. Yet, no matter how fascinating, these fossil creatures and their environments manifest a remoteness measured by more than geological time. But what if bones tell the story of a world that ought to still exist? In their long-awaited, twin monographs describing 32 species of subfossil birds from the Hawaiian Islands and commenting on the remains of perhaps as many as 22 other species, the authors more than double in size the recent endemic avifauna for this subtropical, oceanic archipelago.
Report upon United States geological surveys west of the one hundredth meridian, Volume IV: Paleontology
I [G.M. Wheeler] have the honor to submit herewith a report, in two parts, upon the paleontological results arising from the collections and examinations made during the years 1871, 1872, 1873, 1874, and 1875, in connection with geographical explorations and surveys west of the one hundredth meridian, for publication as Volume IV of the reports authorized by acts of Congress approved June 23, 1874, and February 15, 1875.