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Results for “Sustainability”

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At least 1,639 records · Page 91Linked to original sources

USGS2015

Adapting California’s ecosystems to a changing climate

Significant efforts are underway to translate improved understanding of how climate change is altering ecosystems into practical actions for sustaining ecosystem functions and benefits. We explore this transition in California, where adaptation and mitigation are advancing relatively rapidly, through four case studies that span large spatial domains and encompass diverse ecological systems, institutions, ownerships, and policies. The case studies demonstrate the context specificity of societal efforts to adapt ecosystems to climate change and involve applications of diverse scientific tools (e.g., scenario analyses, downscaled climate projections, ecological and connectivity models) tailored to specific planning and management situations (alternative energy siting, wetland management, rangeland management, open space planning). They illustrate how existing institutional and policy frameworks provide numerous opportunities to advance adaptation related to ecosystems and suggest that progress is likely to be greatest when scientific knowledge is integrated into collective planning and when supportive policies and financing enable action.

BioScience↗

USGS2017

Submersed aquatic vegetation in Chesapeake Bay: Sentinel species in a changing world

Chesapeake Bay has undergone profound changes since European settlement. Increases in human and livestock populations, associated changes in land use, increases in nutrient loadings, shoreline armoring, and depletion of fish stocks have altered the important habitats within the Bay. Submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) is a critical foundational habitat and provides numerous benefits and services to society. In Chesapeake Bay, SAV species are also indicators of environmental change because of their sensitivity to water quality and shoreline development. As such, SAV has been deeply integrated into regional regulations and annual assessments of management outcomes, restoration efforts, the scientific literature, and popular media coverage. Even so, SAV in Chesapeake Bay faces many historical and emerging challenges. The future of Chesapeake Bay is indicated by and contingent on the success of SAV. Its persistence will require continued action, coupled with new practices, to promote a healthy and sustainable ecosystem.

Chesapeake Bay↗

USGS2019

Increased nesting success of Hawaii Elepaio in response to the removal of invasive black rats

In Hawaii and other oceanic islands with few native land mammals, black rats (Rattus rattus) are among the most damaging invasive vertebrate species to native forest bird populations and habitats, due to their arboreal behavior and generalist foraging habits and habitat use. We evaluated the nesting response of Hawaii Elepaio (Chasiempis sandwichensis; Monarchidae), a generalist insectivore, to the removal of black rats using rodenticide in a before-after-control-impact study in high- and low-elevation mesic montane habitat recovering from long-term damage from introduced ungulates and weeds. We monitored nesting success and rat abundance during 2015–2016 before applying rodenticide bait in 2017 to remove rats from two 700 × 700 m treatment plots that were paired with 2 nontreatment plots of the same size. Rat abundance was reduced by 90% during treatment, with combined variables treatment and elevation best explaining the change using GLM methods and AIC model selection. The daily survival rate (DSR) of nests (n = 191) was greater on treated plots after rodenticide application (mean ± SE = 0.980 ± 0.004 treatment; 0.964 ± 0.004 nontreatment), modeled nest success increased from 29% to 50%, and apparent nest success (number of successful nests per total nests) increased from 37% to 52%. The most informative model for predicting DSR included the effect of treatment. Predation by rats was documented at 3 of 16 nests using video surveillance, and we observed additional evidence of rat predation during in-person nest monitoring. Rats targeted adults on the nest and sometimes removed intact eggs, leaving little trace of their activity. Our results demonstrate that reducing rat predation can immediately improve the nesting success of even a common bird species in habitat with a long history of forest restoration. Sustained predator control may be critical to accelerating the recovery of native forest bird communities.

Hawaii↗

USGS2017

Autotrophic microbial arsenotrophy in arsenic-rich soda lakes

A number of prokaryotes are capable of employing arsenic oxy-anions as either electron acceptors [arsenate; As(V)] or electron donors [arsenite; As(III)] to sustain arsenic-dependent growth (‘arsenotrophy’). A subset of these microorganisms function as either chemoautotrophs or photoautotrophs, whereby they gain sufficient energy from their redox metabolism of arsenic to completely satisfy their carbon needs for growth by autotrophy, that is the fixation of inorganic carbon (e.g. HCO 3 − ) into their biomass. Here we review what has been learned of these processes by investigations we have undertaken in three soda lakes of the western USA and from the physiological characterizations of the relevant bacteria, which include the critical genes involved, such as respiratory arsenate reductase ( arrA ) and the discovery of its arsenite-oxidizing counterpart ( arxA ). When possible, we refer to instances of similar process occurring in other, less extreme ecosystems and by microbes other than haloalkaliphiles.

FEMS Microbiology Letters↗

USGS2021

Got acetylene: A personal research retrospective

In research, sometimes sheer happenstance and serendipity make for an unexpected discovery. Once revealed and if interesting enough, such a finding and its follow-up investigations can lead to advances by others that leave its originators ‘scooped’ and mulling about what next to do with their unpublished data, specifically what journals could it still be published in and be perceived as original. This is what occurred with us nearly 40 years ago with regard to our follow-up observations of acetylene fermentation and led us to concoct a ‘cock-and-bull’ story. We hypothesized about a plausible role for acetylene metabolism in the primordial biogeochemistry of Earth and the possibility of acetylene serving as a key life-sustaining substrate for alien microbes dwelling in the orbs of the outer solar system. With the passage of time, advances were made in whole-genome sequencing coupled with major in silico progress in bioinformatics. In parallel came the results of explorations of the outer solar system (i.e. the Cassini mission to Saturn and its moons). It now appears that these somewhat harebrained ideas of ours, arisen at first out of a sense of desperation, actually ring true in fact, and particularly well in song: ‘Tell a tale of cock and bull , Of convincing detail full Tale tremendous, Heav'n defend us! What a tale of cock and bull!' From ‘The Yeoman of the Guard’ by Gilbert & Sullivan .

FEMS Microbes↗

USGS2025

Advancing climate adaptation for inland fish and fisheries

Climate change was barely a blip on the radar for inland fisheries management 20 years ago. Today, it's a central focus. A 2016 paper helped shift conversations, sparked adaptation efforts across fisheries management. The future is still uncertain, but adaptation is key to sustaining these important resources.

Wisconsin↗

USGS2020

Seismicity induced by massive wastewater injection near Puerto Gaitán, Colombia

Seven years after the beginning of a massive wastewater injection project in eastern Colombia, local earthquake activity increased significantly. The field operator and the Colombian Geological Survey immediately reinforced the monitoring of the area. Our analysis of the temporal evolution of the seismic and injection data together with our knowledge of the geological parameters of the region indicate that the surge of seismicity is being induced by the re-injection of produced water into the same three producing reservoirs. Earthquake activity began on known faults once disposal rates had reached a threshold of ∼2 × 10 6 m 3 of water per month. The average reservoir pressure had remained constant at 7.6 MPa after several years of production, sustained by a large, active aquifer. Surface injection pressures in the seismically active areas remain below 8.3 MPa, a value large enough to activate some of the faults. Since faults are mapped throughout the region and many do not have seismicity on them, we conclude that the existence of known faults is not the only control on whether earthquakes are generated. Stress conditions of these faults are open to future studies. Earthquakes are primarily found in four clusters, located near faults mapped by the operator. The hypocentres reveal vertical planes with orientations consistent with focal mechanisms of these events. Stress inversion of the focal mechanisms gives a maximum compression in the direction ENE-WSW, which is in agreement with borehole breakout measurements. Since the focal mechanisms of the earthquakes are consistent with the tectonic stress regime, we can conclude that the seismicity is resulting from the activation of critically stressed faults. Slip was progressive and seismic activity reached a peak before declining to few events per month. The decline in seismicity suggests that most of the stress has been relieved on the main faults. The magnitude of a large majority of the recorded earthquakes was lower than 4, as the pore pressure disturbance did not reach the mapped large faults whose activation might have resulted in larger magnitude earthquakes. Our study shows that a good knowledge of the local fault network and conditions of stress is of paramount importance when planning a massive water disposal program. These earthquakes indicate that while faults provide an opportunity to dispose produced water at an economically attractive volume–pressure ratio, the possibility of induced seismicity must also be considered.

Puerto Gaitan↗

USGS2013

Intragenomic sequence variation at the ITS1 - ITS2 region and at the 18S and 28S nuclear ribosomal DNA genes of the New Zealand mud snail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum (Hydrobiidae: mollusca)

Molecular genetic analysis was conducted on two populations of the invasive non-native New Zealand mud snail ( Potamopyrgus antipodarum ), one from a freshwater ecosystem in Devil's Lake (Oregon, USA) and the other from an ecosystem of higher salinity in the Columbia River estuary (Hammond Harbor, Oregon, USA). To elucidate potential genetic differences between the two populations, three segments of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA), the ITS1-ITS2 regions and the 18S and 28S rDNA genes were cloned and sequenced. Variant sequences within each individual were found in all three rDNA segments. Folding models were utilized for secondary structure analysis and results indicated that there were many sequences which contained structure-altering polymorphisms, which suggests they could be nonfunctional pseudogenes. In addition, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) was used for hierarchical analysis of genetic variance to estimate variation within and among populations and within individuals. AMOVA revealed significant variation in the ITS region between the populations and among clones within individuals, while in the 5.8S rDNA significant variation was revealed among individuals within the two populations. High levels of intragenomic variation were found in the ITS regions, which are known to be highly variable in many organisms. More interestingly, intragenomic variation was also found in the 18S and 28S rDNA, which has rarely been observed in animals and is so far unreported in Mollusca. We postulate that in these P. antipodarum populations the effects of concerted evolution are diminished due to the fact that not all of the rDNA genes in their polyploid genome should be essential for sustaining cellular function. This could lead to a lessening of selection pressures, allowing mutations to accumulate in some copies, changing them into variant sequences.

Journal of Molluscan Studies↗

USGS2025

First-year survival of Lake Sturgeon reintroduced to the Maumee River

Objective Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens have experienced large population declines due to overfishing, habitat degradation, and pollution. Due to these factors, Lake Sturgeon were extirpated from the Maumee River watershed (Ohio, United States). In 2018, a 20-year reintroduction program began that aims to establish a self-sustaining population in the Maumee River. To understand the potential success of the reintroduction program, our objectives were to estimate poststocking survival of reintroduced Lake Sturgeon from age 0 to age 1. We also wanted to understand whether survival differed between age-0 Lake Sturgeon reared in a streamside facility and those reared in a traditional hatchery. Methods Lake Sturgeon from the two facilities were surgically implanted with acoustic transmitters; tagged fish ( n = 40 per year) were released into the Maumee River in 2018, 2019, and 2021, and their movements were monitored by the Great Lakes Acoustic Telemetry Observation System. Results Approximately 75% of Lake Sturgeon were detected at 100 d after release and 50% were detected at 200 d after release. We found no differences in tag attrition between the two rearing strategies. Monthly survival estimates for Lake Sturgeon were 0.87 (95% CI = 0.81–0.92) in 2018, 0.97 (95% CI = 0.89–0.99) in 2019, and 0.95 (95% CI = 0.90–0.97) in 2021. No differences in survival between rearing strategies within release years existed. Annual survival estimates ranged from 0.19 to 0.71 among the three release years. Conclusions Our results, along with known survival rates for adult Lake Sturgeon, suggest that achieving the goal of 1,500 naturally reproducing individuals in the Maumee River is possible if reintroduced fish return to the Maumee River to spawn as adults.

Ohio↗

USGS2025

First evidence of natural reproduction and recruitment of reintroduced Lake Sturgeon in the Coosa River, Georgia

Objective Lake Sturgeon Acipenser fluences became extirpated from the Coosa River system in Georgia and Alabama during the 1970s. The Georgia Department of Natural Resources began stocking hatchery-raised Lake Sturgeon in 2002 with the goal of reestablishing a self-sustaining population. Stocking lapsed in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which allowed an opportunity to assess natural recruitment to the reintroduced population. Methods We conducted trammel-net surveys during May–August in 2022 and 2023 and removed a pectoral fin spine section from all captured individuals. We compared the fin spine sections of suspected naturally hatched juveniles with those from known-age, hatchery-raised juveniles to confirm our age estimates. Results We captured one age-2 juvenile Lake Sturgeon in 2022 and eight age-3 juveniles in 2023. This indicates the presence of natural recruitment due to the absence of stocking of hatchery individuals in 2020. Conclusions Documenting individuals of a year-class that was not created by hatchery-raised juveniles provides the first evidence that offspring of early reintroduced Lake Sturgeon are being recruited into the reintroduced population in the Coosa River, Georgia.

Alabama, Georgia↗

USGS2026

Integrating data on a mixed stock anadromous fishery to estimate stock-specific escapement and mortalities

Objective Anadromous fisheries can affect stocks with differing management objectives. Understanding the effects of fisheries on individual stocks by quantifying final dispositions, including escapement and mortalities, is important for sustainable fishery management. Our objectives were to extend an existing management model that is used to evaluate final stock dispositions to estimate confidence intervals and to generalize the model so that it could be applied in other systems. Methods An annual run reconstruction model for estimating final dispositions of Snake River steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss was previously developed to evaluate mortalities and escapement for each stock. We extended and generalized this model in two ways: (1) to propagate uncertainty using Monte Carlo simulation and (2) to fit the model using maximum likelihood methods. We generated confidence intervals and conducted sensitivity analyses to evaluate sources of uncertainty. Results The Monte Carlo version of the model explicitly propagates uncertainty in inputs through to model predictions, whereas the maximum likelihood version includes additional data sources, such as catch composition and escapement. We estimated disposition metrics for Snake River steelhead using the original formulation, Monte Carlo version, and the maximum likelihood version for the 2018–2019 season, and we found that the results were similar but that the maximum likelihood version provided a better fit to the observed data. Conclusions We demonstrate how to account for uncertainty when synthesizing several kinds of monitoring data. Improved characterizations of uncertainty facilitate better decision making about future data collection and fisheries management.

North American Journal of Fisheries Management↗

USGS2025

Factors influencing spatial and temporal patterns of Lanius ludovicianus (Loggerhead Shrike) occupancy at a grassland-sagebrush ecotone

Lanius ludovicianus (Loggerhead Shrike) is a predatory songbird that has experienced a severe population decline throughout its range since the 1940s, likely driven by a combination of factors, including habitat loss and fragmentation. Occupying larger territories compared to many other passerines, L. ludovicianus requires open habitat with interspersed trees and shrubs for nesting and perching and heterogeneous ground cover that provides hunting opportunities. Despite the general knowledge of L. ludovicianus habitat during breeding and nonbreeding seasons in many parts of its range, factors influencing long-term occupancy dynamics remain poorly understood. We addressed these knowledge gaps by analyzing 10 yr of L. ludovicianus detection data collected from breeding bird point-count surveys at a grassland-sagebrush ecotone in northeastern Wyoming, USA. We quantified L. ludovicianus detection and occupancy probabilities using a dynamic (multi-season) occupancy modeling framework and evaluated how initial occupancy and dynamic parameters (i.e., colonization and local extinction) were influenced by land-cover composition and change using remotely sensed land-cover data. Additionally, we used observer survey data to assess the influence of survey date and cloud cover on detection probability. We found that detection probability was influenced by survey date, while initial occupancy probability was positively associated with fences and presence of trees. Colonization probability increased with increased litter cover, whereas extinction probability was not influenced by land-cover and remained low throughout our study period. These findings highlight the importance of habitat features, such as fences and tree presence in shaping L. ludovicianus occupancy patterns. Further research is needed to understand the relationships between L. ludovicianus occupancy dynamics and demographic processes such as reproduction and survival. Identifying factors that influence occupancy dynamics and associated demographic processes can guide efforts to conserve and sustain L. ludovicianus populations.

Ornithological Applications↗

USGS2026

Breeding shorebird surveys in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, suggest population declines over two decades for most species

Shorebird populations are declining globally but it generally remains unclear how those declines translate to changes at the regional scale. We conducted the first longitudinal surveys of breeding shorebirds in Alaska under the Program for Regional and International Shorebird Monitoring (PRISM), resurveying the Coastal Plain (1002 Area) of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) in 2019 and 2022 to compare with initial surveys conducted in 2002 and 2004. Our goals were to (1) estimate contemporary population sizes of breeding shorebirds across this 6,249 km 2 area, and (2) assess population trends for the species detected in both survey periods. We estimated population sizes for 16 species, with a combined total of 135,178 (95% CI: 113,532–156,824) in 2019 and 2022—a decline of approximately 17% (90% CI: –34% to + 3%) from 2002 and 2004 when the same survey methods were used. Four species showed a statistically significant decrease (α = 0.10): Calidris alpina arcticola (Dunlin), Limnodromus scolopaceus (Long-billed Dowitcher), Phalaropus lobatus (Red-necked Phalarope), and P. fulicarius (Red Phalarope). Only C. melanotos (Pectoral Sandpiper) showed a significant increase. Overall, 5 of 10 species—and all species combined—had a > 90% probability of decline. Population changes for the polygamous species (i.e., Phalaropus sp. and C. melanotos ), which show irruptive breeding and low breeding site fidelity, may reflect temporary immigration or emigration driven by annual environmental variation, rather than true population change. Nevertheless, the overall pattern of declines aligns with migration surveys outside the Arctic. These findings highlight the vulnerability of Arctic-breeding shorebirds to threats throughout their annual cycles and underscore the potential for sustained long-term monitoring in this rapidly changing region to inform effective, flyway-scale conservation strategies across the Western Hemisphere.

Alaska↗

USGS1995

The generation of oceanic rhyolites by crystal fractionation: the basalt-rhyolite association at Volcán Alcedo, Galápagos archipelago

Alcedo volcano is one of six shield volcanoes on Isabela Island in the western Galápagos Islands. Although Alcedo is dominantiy basaltic, it is unusual in that it also has erupted ∼1 km 3 of rhyolite. The rhyolitic phase marked a 10-fold decrease in the mass-eruption rate of the volcano, and the volcano has returned to erupting basalt. The basalts are tholeiitic and range from strongly to sparsely porphyritic. Olivine and plagiodase are the liquidus phases in the most primitive basalts. The MgO and Ni concentrations in the most primitive basalts indicate that they have undergone substantial differentiation since extraction from the mantle. The rhyolites contain the assemblage oligoclase-augite-titanomagnetite-fayalite-apatite and sparse xenoliths of quenched basalt and cumulate gabbros. Intermediate rocks are very rare, but some are apparently basaltrhyolite hybrids, and others resulted from differentiation of tholeiitic magma. Several modeling approaches and Sr-, Nd-, and O-isotopic data indicate that the rhyolites resulted from ∼ 90% fractionation (by weight) of plagiodase, augite, titanomagnetite, olivine, and apatite from the most primitive olivine tholeiite. The data are inconsistent with the rhyolites originating by crustal anatexis. The extreme Daly gap may be caused by the large increase in viscosity as the basaltic magma differentiates to intermediate and siliceous compositions; highly evolved magmas are eruptible only after they become saturated with volatiles by second boiling. The close association of the hybrid intermediate magmas and magmatic inclusions with the climactic plinian eruption indicates mixing between mafic and silicic magmas immediately before eruption. Rhyolite production was favored by the decrease in supply of basaltic magma as Alcedo was carried away from the focus of the Galápagos hotspot. A three-stage model for the magmatic evolution of a Galápagos volcano is proposed. In the first stage, the supply of basaltic magma is large. Basaltic magma continually intrudes the subcaldera magma chamber, buffering the magmas' compositional and thermal evolution. As the volcano is carried away from the basaltic source, the magma chamber is allowed to cool and differentiate, as exemplified by Alcedo's rhyolitic phase. Finally, the volcano receives even smaller influx of basalt, so a large magma chamber cannot be sustained, and the volcano shifts to isolated basaltic eruptions.

Galapagos Islands↗

USGS2025

Reevaluation of an adaptive management framework for invasive Grass Carp within Lake Erie

Objective Response efforts to control invasive species frequently require making decisions in the face of substantial uncertainty. Adaptive management, which emphasizes learning during the process of managing, can be useful in cases where uncertainty impedes the decision-making process. Here, we describe how technical and institutional learning led to reformulating decision-making elements, known as double-loop learning, and how uncertainty stemming from a lack of knowledge influenced the selection of alternative strategies in an ongoing adaptive management process for invasive Grass Carp Ctenopharyngodon idella in Lake Erie. Methods When response efforts began, little was known about the population dynamics, ecology, and biology of Grass Carp within the lake. The availability of funding for sustained response efforts was also unknown. A network population model was constructed that relied heavily on values and estimates from limited data to project adult Grass Carp abundance in Lake Erie and evaluate the ability of various response strategies to achieve the desired objectives. After this initial assessment, the collection of new information was emphasized as response efforts increased to aid future assessments. With this expanded knowledge and including additional input from stakeholders, we modified the population model, evaluated new response scenarios, refined objectives, and examined the influence of uncertainty (parameter and expert opinion) on Grass Carp response efforts. Results Under uncertainty of population model parameters and expert opinion, the value-of-information analysis revealed that uncertainties in spawning deterrent efficacy, survival, and the underlying stock–recruitment relationship were important and could change the preferred decision. The efficiency of spawning deterrents influenced the preferred decision outcome among alternative strategies, particularly when >80% of fish were allowed to pass and spawn, indicating that a deterrent may not be worth implementing if passing rates are above this threshold. Conclusions We thereby demonstrate the benefits for invasive species management programs of implementing learning and resolving uncertainties within an adaptive management framework to improve decision making.

Lake Erie↗

USGS2004

Habitat restoration across large areas: Assessing wildlife responses in the Clearwater basin, Idaho

Over the past century, fire suppression and prevention have altered disturbance regimes across the Pacific Northwest, resulting in a significant divergence of historical and current conditions in forested habitats. To address this continuing trend in habitat changes and begin restoring historical patterns of disturbance, the Clearwater Basin Elk Habitat Initiative (CEI) proposes relatively extensive management actions in the Clearwater basin of north-central Idaho. We attempted to evaluate potential effects of such management actions on selected wildlife species using extant data sets and suggest ways to improve such projects with respect to a multispecies and adaptive management approach. Although there is increased interest in ecosystem management over large areas, the increased scale of analysis and implementation require a substantial increase in the level of species information beyond what currently exists. We conclude that baseline information required for an effective multispecies land-management policy in the Clearwater basin does not exist for many terrestrial wildlife species. To implement a true multispecies or ecosystem approach, wildlife and land managers should cooperate to increase existing population data and modeling efforts for wildlife species in the basin and develop a sustainable monitoring program to evaluate habitat management changes and their influence on wildlife populations within the context of adaptive management theory. Management actions to restore disturbance patterns should attempt spatial and temporal scales that are biologically relevant to the population ecology of species being affected.

Idaho↗

USGS2005

A mechanistic link between chick diet and decline in seabirds?

A climatic regime shift during the mid-1970s in the North Pacific resulted in decreased availability of lipidrich fish to seabirds and was followed by a dramatic decline in number of kittiwakes breeding on the Pribilof Islands. Although production of chicks in the mid-1970s was adequate to sustain kittiwake populations in the early 1980s, the disappearance of birds from breeding colonies apparently exceeded recruitment. No mechanism has been proposed to explain why recruitment would differ among fledglings fed lipid-rich or lipid-poor fish during development. Here we show that diets low in lipids induce nutritional stress and impair cognitive abilities in young red-legged kittiwakes, Rissa brevirostris. Specifically, growth retardation, increased secretion of stress hormones and inferior ability to associate food distribution with visual cues were observed in individuals fed lipid-poor diets. We conclude that lipid-poor diets during development affect the quality of young seabirds, which is likely to result in their increased mortality and low recruitment. ?? 2005 The Royal Society.

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sci↗

USGS2022

Biodiversity underpins fisheries resilience to exploitation in the Amazon River basin.

Inland fisheries feed greater than 150 million people globally, yet their status is rarely assessed due to their socio-ecological complexity and pervasive lack of data. Here, we leverage an unprecedented landings time series from the Amazon, Earth's largest river basin, together with theoretical food web models to examine (i) taxonomic and trait-based signatures of exploitation in inland fish landings and (ii) implications of changing biodiversity for fisheries resilience. In both landings time series and theory, we find that multi-species exploitation of diverse inland fisheries results in a hump-shaped landings evenness curve. Along this trajectory, abundant and large species are sequentially replaced with faster growing and smaller species. Further theoretical analysis indicates that harvests can be maintained for a period of time but that continued biodiversity depletion reduces the pool of compensating species and consequently diminishes fisheries resilience. Critically, higher fisheries biodiversity can delay fishery collapse. Although existing landings data provide an incomplete snapshot of long-term dynamics, our results suggest that multi-species exploitation is affecting freshwater biodiversity and eroding fisheries resilience in the Amazon. More broadly, we conclude that trends in landings evenness could characterize multi-species fisheries development and aid in assessing their sustainability.

Amazon River basin↗