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Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State. The revisions to this map are principally the revisions to roads and the additions of new place names as of May 1968.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State. Principally revisions to roads and addition of new place names as of May 1968.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
Prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Arabian American Oil Company under the joint sponsorship of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the U.S. Department of State.
The 18-year Desert Winds Project established instrumented field sites in the five major regions of the North American Desert to obtain meteorological, geological, and vegetation data for natural desert sites affected by wind erosion. The eight chapters in this volume describe the settings and operation of the stations and summarize eolian-related research to date around the stations. The report includes studies of the sand-moving effectiveness of storm winds, wind-erosion susceptibility of different ground-surface types, relations of dust storms to meteorological conditions, mediation of wind erosion by vegetation, remote sensing to detect vegetation changes related to climate change, and comparison of regional dust deposition to that near Owens (dry) Lake.
This report describes the experimental details and interprets results from a study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 1992 to assess the effect of different sample-processing treatments on the stability of eight nutrient species in samples of surface-, ground-, and municipal-supply water during storage at 4 degrees Celsius for about 30 days. Over a 7-week period, splits of filtered- and whole-water samples from 15 stations in the continental United States were preserved at collection sites with sulfuric acid (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency protocol), mercury (II) chloride (former U.S. Geological Survey protocol), and ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) Type I deionized water (control) and then shipped by overnight express to the USGS National Water Quality Laboratory (NWQL). At the NWQL, the eight nutrient species were determined in splits from each of the 15 stations, typically, within 24 hours of collection and at intervals of 3, 7, 14, 22, and 35 days thereafter. Ammonium, nitrate plus nitrite, nitrite, and orthophosphate were determined only in filtered-water splits. Kjeldahl nitrogen and phosphorus were determined in both filtered-water and whole-water splits. Data on which this report is based, including nutrient concentrations in synthetic reference samples determined concurrently with those in real samples, are extensive (greater than 20,000 determinations) and have been published separately. In addition to confirming the well-documented instability of nitrite in acidified samples, this study also demonstrates that when biota are removed from samples at collection sites by 0.45-micrometer membrane filtration, subsequent preservation with sulfuric acid or mercury (II) provides no statistically significant improvement in nutrient concentration stability during storage at 4 degrees Celsius for 30 days. Biocide preservation had no statistically significant effect on the 30-day stability of phosphorus concentrations in whole-water splits from any of the 15 stations, but did stabilize Kjeldahl nitrogen concentrations in whole-water splits from three data-collection stations where ammonium accounted for at least half of the measured Kjeldahl nitrogen.
The U.S. Geological Survey and the Geological Survey of Canada recently completed a continental-scale pilot study for a proposed geochemical survey of North American soils. This survey will provide baseline soil chemistry data against which future changes in soil composition can be measured and that can be used by Federal, State/Provincial, and local agencies when making risk-assessment and land-use decisions.