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At least 1,063 records · Page 59Linked to original sources
USGS1984

Geologic and hydrologic data from a test-drilling program in the High Plains area of South Dakota, 1979-80

The High Plains aquifer system in south-central South Dakota comprises dune sands, the Ogallala Formation, the Arikaree Formation, and the White River Group. As part of the High Plains Regional Aquifer-Systems Analysis, a total of 29 test holes were drilled from 1979 to 1980 to aid in defining the geometry of the aquifer system. The information obtained from these drilling progrms is presented. (USGS)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1984

Hydrogeologic data for selected test wells drilled in the Fort Union coal region, eastern Montana

Hydrologic and geologic data have been collected as part of energy-related projects conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in 11 counties of eastern Montana. Records of 408 test wells are tabulated in this report. The data include well location, type of well, date drilled, well depth, type and diameter of casing, depth cased, interval open to well, principal aquifer, depth to water level, water-level-record dates, water-quality-sampling record, and type of logs available. Location of the wells is shown by county on maps at a scale of 1:500,000.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1985

Hydrogeologic data from a test well in east-central Duval County, Florida

A 2,112-foot test well was drilled in east-central Duval County, Florida, to obtain geologic, hydrologic, and water chemistry data. Drill cuttings and water samples were collected, and water-level measurements and lithologic and geophysical logs were made. Deposits to a depth of 575 feet consist of sand, clayey sand, phosphatic sandy clay, coquina, sandy limestone, and dolostone. Below 575 feet, the deposits consist of fragmented and granular limestone, dolomitic limestone, and massive to finely crystalline dolostone, which comprise the Floridan aquifer system in the area. Water levels were measured near or at the bottom of the drill hole through the drill stem and in the annular space between the drilled hole and drill stem at the well head as drilling progressed from 770 to 2,112 feet in depth. Water levels measured through the drill stem ranged from 1.17 feet above land surface at a depth of 2,107 feet to 15.0 feet above land surface at a depth of 1,574 feet. Water levels measured in the annular space ranged from 7.5 feet above land surface at a depth of 770 feet to 14.9 feet at various depths from 1,574 to 1,721 feet. Chloride concentrations of water sampled through the drill stem from a depth of 711 to 1 ,616 feet ranged from 22 to 150 milligrams per liter at 1,648 feet. Chloride concentrations then ranged from 345 to about 800 milligrams per liter to a depth of 2,071 feet and then increased to a maximum of 5,450 milligrams per liter at 2,107 feet. (USGS)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1985

Data for four geologic test holes in the Sacramento Valley, California

The report provides geological and geophysical data for four of seven test holes drilled as a part of the Central Valley Aquifer Project, which is part of the Regional Aquifer Systems Analysis. The holes were drilled with a rotary well drilling machine to depths of 900 feet in the southwestern part of the Sacramento Valley in Solano and Yolo Counties. Geologic data for each well include lithology, texture, color, character of the contact, sorting, rounding, and cementation, determined from cuttings, cores, and sidewall covers. Fifty cores, 3 feet long, were obtained from each hole, and from eight to fourteen sidewall cores were collected. Geophysical data include a dual-induction log, spherically focused log (SFL), compensated neutron-formation density log, gamma-ray log, and a caliper log. These data are presented in four tables and on four plates. (USGS)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1987

Mineralogical characterization of the Shelburne Marble; a Vermont marble test stone used to study the effects of acid rain

The Shelburne Marble of Vermont has been used extensively in buildings and monuments and for this reason has been selected as a test stone for the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP) stone exposure studies. Miner alogical characterization of fresh Shelburne Marble provides a basis for recognizing mineralogical changes that may occur in samples when they are weathered. The Royal variety of Shelburne Marble is a white marble with gray streaks of inclusions. It is predominantly composed of calcite (97%) but contains inclusions of dolomite, layer silicates, framework silicates, and non-silicates. The inclusions are heterogeneously distributed in the rock and commonly form linear clusters that are dominated by dolomite + phlogopite + rutile ± chlorite. Less abundant inclusions are: muscovite, talc, quartz, feldspar, pyrite and apatite. All of the minerals that comprise the Shelburne Marble have nearly end-member compositions. Mineral composition, grain size and associations of the inclusions may significantly contribute to the durability (or weakness) of marble used in buildings or monuments that are exposed to conditions of acid precipitation.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1996

Neogene and Quaternary geology of a stratigraphic test hole on Horn Island, Mississippi Sound

During April and May, 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) drilled a 510-ft-deep, continuously cored, stratigraphic test hole on Horn Island, Mississippi Sound, as part of a field study of the Neogene and Quaternary geology of the Mississippi coastal area. The USGS drilled two new holes at the Horn Island site. The first hole was continuously cored to a depth of 510 ft; coring stopped at this depth due to mechanical problems. To facilitate geophysical logging, an unsampled second hole was drilled to a depth of 519 ft at the same location.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1997

Summary of data concerning radiological contamination at well PM-2, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada

Analysis of water collected during August and September 1993 from well PM-2, on Pahute Mesa at\x11the Nevada Test Site, indicated tritium concentrations of\x1121,000 Bq/L at 610 m below land surface. The Schooner event (U-20u) was detonated in 1968 approximately 270 meterssoutheast of well PM-2 at a working depth of 108.2 meters. The crater created by the Schooner event was about 129.8 meters in radius and\x1163.4 meters in depth. Geologic and hydrologic properties of the stratigraphic units are summarized from historical data. The soil around the well and water in the well were analyzed for radionuclides and water in the well was also analyzed for inorganic constituents and organic (volatile and semivolatile) substances. Close agreement between tritium analyses of water from well PM-2, at different times and at the same depths, confirms the elevated levels of tritium. The highest tritium values in the borehole were at 610 meters below land surface-above the shallowest perforations at 765 meters below land surface. These values were only slightly higher than values found at greater depth in the well.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1997

Digital geologic map database of the Nevada Test Site area, Nevada

Forty years of geologic investigations at the Nevada Test Site (NTS) have been digitized. These data include all geologic information that: (1) has been collected, and (2) can be represented on a map within the map borders at the map scale is included in the map digital coverages. The following coverages are included with this dataset: Coverage Type Description geolpoly Polygon Geologic outcrops geolflts line Fault traces geolatts Point Bedding attitudes, etc. geolcald line Caldera boundaries geollins line Interpreted lineaments geolmeta line Metamorphic gradients The above coverages are attributed with numeric values and interpreted information. The entity files documented below show the data associated with each coverage.

Nevada↗
USGS1997

Summary of available hydrogeologic data collected between 1973 and 1995 and information on all permeability data and aquifer tests for the Capitan Aquifer, Eddy and Lea Counties, New Mexico

This report summarizes the availability of water-level data for the Capitan aquifer and evaluates the condition of wells in the Capitan aquifer observation-well network. The report summarizes water-level and water-quality data for the Capitan aquifer, including water-level data specifically for the Tansill Formation, collected from 1973 through 1995. The report summarizes aquifer- test and permeability data for the Capitan aquifer and shows the location of wells stored in the New Mexico State Engineer Office data base that tap the Capitan aquifer.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1997

Major structural controls on the distribution of pre-Tertiary rocks, Nevada Test Site vicinity, southern Nevada

The lateral and vertical distributions of Proterozoic and Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in southern Nevada are the combined products of original stratigraphic relationships and post-depositional faults and folds. This map compilation shows the distribution of these pre-Tertiary rocks in the region including and surrounding the Nevada Test Site. It is based on considerable new evidence from detailed geologic mapping, biostratigraphic control, sedimentological analysis, and a review of regional map relationships. Proterozoic and Paleozoic rocks of the region record paleogeographic transitions between continental shelf depositional environments on the east and deeper-water slopefacies depositional environments on the west. Middle Devonian and Mississippian sequences, in particular, show strong lateral facies variations caused by contemporaneous changes in the western margin of North America during the Antler orogeny. Sections of rock that were originally deposited in widely separated facies localities presently lie in close proximity. These spatial relationships chiefly result from major east- and southeastdirected thrusts that deformed the region in Permian or later time. Somewhat younger contractional structures are identified within two irregular zones that traverse the region. These folds and thrusts typically verge toward the west and northwest and overprint the relatively simple pattern of the older contractional terranes. Local structural complications are significant near these younger structures due to the opposing vergence and due to irregularities in the previously folded and faulted crustal section. Structural and stratigraphic discontinuities are identified on opposing sides of two north-trending fault zones in the central part of the compilation region north of Yucca Flat. The origin and significance of these zones are enigmatic because they are largely covered by Tertiary and younger deposits. These faults most likely result from significant lateral offset, most likely in the sinistral sense. Low-angle normal faults that are at least older than Oligocene, and may pre-date Late Cretaceous time, are also present in the region. These faults are shown to locally displace blocks of pre-Tertiary rock by several kilometers. However, none of these structures can be traced for significant distances beyond its outcrop extent, and the inference is made that they do not exert regional influence on the distribution of pre-Tertiary rocks. The extensional strain accommodated by these low-angle normal faults appears to be local and highly irregular.

Nevada↗
USGS1999

High-angle faults in the basement of Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site, Nevada, based on analysis of a constrained gravity inversion surface

Using a model of the topographic subsurface derived from drill hole and gravity inversion analysis of the basement rocks in Yucca Flat, Nevada Test Site (NTS), Nevada, a fault map and digital fault dataset were constructed based on offsets of the basement surface. Because these faults are, in large part, not present at the surface, they are interpreted to be inactive faults, older than the alluvial basin fill.

Nevada↗
USGS1999

Digital Geologic Map of the Nevada Test Site and Vicinity, Nye, Lincoln, and Clark Counties, Nevada, and Inyo County, California

This digital geologic map of the Nevada Test Site (NTS) and vicinity, as well as its accompanying digital geophysical maps, are compiled at 1:100,000 scale. The map compilation presents new polygon (geologic map unit contacts), line (fault, fold axis, metamorphic isograd, dike, and caldera wall) and point (structural attitude) vector data for the NTS and vicinity, Nye, Lincoln, and Clark Counties, Nevada, and Inyo County, California. The map area covers two 30 x 60-minute quadrangles-the Pahute Mesa quadrangle to the north and the Beatty quadrangle to the south-plus a strip of 7.5-minute quadrangles on the east side-72 quadrangles in all. In addition to the NTS, the map area includes the rest of the southwest Nevada volcanic field, part of the Walker Lane, most of the Amargosa Desert, part of the Funeral and Grapevine Mountains, some of Death Valley, and the northern Spring Mountains. This geologic map improves on previous geologic mapping of the same area (Wahl and others, 1997) by providing new and updated Quaternary and bedrock geology, new geophysical interpretations of faults beneath the basins, and improved GIS coverages. Concurrent publications to this one include a new isostatic gravity map (Ponce and others, 1999) and a new aeromagnetic map (Ponce, 1999).

Open-File Report↗
USGS2000

Digital aeromagnetic map of the Nevada Test Site and vicinity, Nye, Lincoln, and Clark Counties, Nevada and Inyo County, California

An aeromagnetic map of the Nevada Test Site area was prepared from publicly available aeromagnetic data described by McCafferty and Grauch (1997). Magnetic surveys were processed using standard techniques. Southwest Nevada is characterized by magnetic anomalies that reflect the distribution of thick sequences of volcanic rocks, magnetic sedimentary rocks, and the occurrence of granitic rocks. In addition, aeromagnetic data reveal the presence of linear features that reflect faulting at both regional and local scales.

California, Nevada↗
USGS2000

Digital isostatic gravity map of the Nevada Test Site and vicinity, Nye, Lincoln, and Clark Counties, Nevada, and Inyo County, California

An isostatic gravity map of the Nevada Test Site area was prepared from publicly available gravity data (Ponce, 1997) and from gravity data recently collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (Mankinen and others, 1999; Morin and Blakely, 1999). Gravity data were processed using standard gravity data reduction techniques. Southwest Nevada is characterized by gravity anomalies that reflect the distribution of pre-Cenozoic carbonate rocks, thick sequences of volcanic rocks, and thick alluvial basins. In addition, regional gravity data reveal the presence of linear features that reflect large-scale faults whereas detailed gravity data can indicate the presence of smaller-scale faults.

California, Nevada↗
USGS1999

Structural relationships of pre-Tertiary rocks in the Nevada Test Site region, southern Nevada

This report contains a synthesis and interpretation of structural and stratigraphic data for pre-Tertiary rocks in a large area of southern Nevada within and near the Nevada Test Site. Its presents descriptive and interpretive information from discontinuously exposed localities in the context of a regional model that integrates stratigraphy, sedimentology, crustal structure, and deformational style and timing. Evidence is given for substantial strike-slip faults, for modest excursion on low-angle faults, and for pre-Oligocene formation of the regional oroclinal flexure in neighboring mountain ranges.

Professional Paper↗
USGS2001

Estimation of hydraulic parameters from an unconfined aquifer test conducted in a glacial outwash deposit, Cape Cod, Massachusetts

An aquifer test conducted in a sand and gravel, glacial outwash deposit on Cape Cod, Massachusetts was analyzed by means of a model for flow to a partially penetrating well in a homogeneous, anisotropic unconfined aquifer. The model is designed to account for all significant mechanisms expected to influence drawdown in observation piezometers and in the pumped well. In addition to the usual fluid-flow and storage processes, additional processes include effects of storage in the pumped well, storage in observation piezometers, effects of skin at the pumped-well screen, and effects of drainage from the zone above the water table.

Massachusetts↗
USGS2007

Sentinel Hill Core Test 1: Facies descriptions and stratigraphic reinterpretations of the Prince Creek and Schrader Bluff Formations, North Slope, Alaska

The Sentinel Hill Core Test 1 well penetrated an intertonguing sequence of (1) the marine Schrader Bluff Formation in the depth intervals 950–1,180 ft and 690–751 ft, which consists of shoreface and offshore deposits that accumulated along a storm-dominated, barred shoreline; and (2) the nonmarine Prince Creek Formation in the depth intervals 751–950 ft and surface to 690 ft, which consists of fluvial channel, crevasse splay, backswamp, and ash fall deposits. The strata range in age from early Campanian to early Maastrichtian. An erosional contact at a depth of 690 ft at the base of the upper unit of the Prince Creek Formation is interpreted as a major regional sequence boundary, and the overlying conglomeratic fluvial channel deposits are interpreted to have accumulated in a paleovalley. In its more proximal reaches along the Colville River, channels of this paleovalley cut down 75 ft into the lowermost Prince Creek Formation and the uppermost Schrader Bluff Formation. Farther offshore, the equivalent surface to the aforementioned paleovalley appears to be a subtle discontinuity between middle and lower Schrader Bluff Formation shelfal marine strata. Still farther offshore, the equivalent paleovalley surface is interpreted as a marine mass-wasting surface that locally cuts through the lowermost Schrader Bluff Formation and into the underlying Seabee Formation.

Alaska↗
USGS2006

Evaluation of geophysical logs and aquifer-isolation tests, Phase III, August 2002 to March 2004, Crossley Farm superfund site, Hereford township, Berks County, Pennsylvania

Between August 2002 and March 2004, geophysical logging was conducted in 23 boreholes at the Crossley Farm Superfund Site, Hereford Township, Berks County, Pa., to determine the water-producing zones, water-receiving zones, zones of vertical-borehole flow, and fracture orientation where applicable. The boreholes ranged in depth from 71 to 503 ft (feet) below land surface. The geophysical logging determined the placement of well screens and packers, which allow monitoring and sampling of water-bearing zones in the fractured bedrock so the horizontal and vertical distribution of contaminated ground water migrating from known sources could be determined. Geophysical logging included collection of caliper (22 boreholes), fluid-temperature (17 boreholes), single-pointresistance (17 boreholes), natural-gamma (17 boreholes), fluidflow (18 boreholes), and acoustic-televiewer (13 boreholes) logs. Caliper and acoustic-televiewer logs were used to locate fractures, joints, and weathered zones. Inflections on fluid-temperature and single-point-resistance logs indicated possible water-bearing zones, and flowmeter measurements verified these locations. Single-point-resistance, natural-gamma, and geologist logs provided information on stratigraphy; the geologist log also provided information on the location of possible water-producing zones. Borehole geophysical logging and heatpulse flowmetering indicated active flow in 10 boreholes. Seven of the boreholes are in ground-water discharge areas and three boreholes are in ground-water recharge areas. Heatpulse flowmetering, in conjunction with the geologist logs, indicates lithologic contacts (changes in lithology from a gneiss dominated by quartz-plagioclase-feldspar mineralogy to a gneiss dominated by hornblende mineralogy) are typically fractured, permeable, and effective transmitters of water. Single-well, aquifer-isolation (packer) tests were performed on two boreholes. Packers were set at depths ranging from 210 to 465 ft below land surface to isolate water-bearing zones at discrete intervals. Placement and inflation of the packers provided information on hydraulic heads, specific capacities, the hydraulic connection between intervals, and depth-specific water-quality samples. Upon completion of borehole geophysical logging and interpretation of geophysical logs, geologist logs, drillers notes, and packer work, 13 boreholes were reconstructed such that water levels could be monitored and water samples could be collected from discrete shallow, intermediate, and deep waterbearing fractures in each borehole. Boreholes BE-1672, BE-1674, BE-1676, and BE-1677 remained open-hole for sampling purposes. Boreholes RI-2, RI-3, and RI-4 remained openhole for injection purposes. Boreholes P-1, P-2, and P-3 remained open and were converted to pumping wells.

Pennsylvania↗