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Search indexed USGS publications on groundwater, aquifers, geologic maps, mineral resources and earthquakes. Explore source records by subject and place.

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At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
USGS1974

Low-flow characteristics of Kentucky streams - A preliminary report

The U.S. Geological Survey has been gathering low-flow data on streams throughout Kentucky for several decades. Much of the data now have been analyzed to determine the frequency of the annual low flow on those streams. Knowledge of the magnitude and frequency of low flow is necessary for planning, managing, and protecting water resources of the Commonwealth. Some specific uses are to analyze potential water-supply capacity, for control of water quality, and for the management of recreation potential. This preliminary report presents a low-flow characteristic at each site where defined, and where the flow is not significantly regulated. That characteristic, the 7-day, 10-year low flow, is the one which seems to be most in demand because of its use in water quality planning and control.

Kentucky↗
USGS1974

Floodflows from small drainage areas in Oklahoma : progress report and data compilation

Annual peak discharges and basin and climatic characteristics, computed during the 10 years of the project, are summarized for 103 small-stream sites in Oklahoma. The U.S. Geological Survey rainfall-runoff model was calibrated for six small watersheds in Oklahoma. Calibration results, discussed in this report, indicate that the rainfall-runoff model can be used to extend the length of flood records for small watersheds in Oklahoma. Records from four small watersheds were extended by the model and synthetic frequency curves were computed for these sites to show applicability of the model. Further analyses and data are needed before the model can be applied statewide to compute improved estimating equations.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1974

East African seminar/workshop trip report

Reports activities of U.S.G.S project leader and officer of AID sponsor, in Kenya, on trip made for preparation of plans for conduct of a East Africa Seminar/Workshop on applications of remote sensing and especially ERTS-1 data to resources analysis and management. Activities included orientation of officials of Kenyan agencies responsible for natural resources development and management, foreign affairs, finance and planning, of the University of Nairobi, of US AID and USGS resident in Kenya, the planning for use of facilities and other support by the Government of Kenya, the development of a schedule for the Seminar/Workshop and an agenda.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1974

Preliminary report on the geology of the Solok Quadrangle, West Sumatra

This report is a brief description of the geology of the Solok quadrangle in West Sumatra. It is based on work done by the writer from April 27 to October 14, 1971, as part of the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) Cooperative Project with the Geological Survey of Indonesia (GSI). The project is sponsored by the Government of Indonesia and the Agency for International Development, U. S. Department of State, and staffed by personnel of the USGS and counterparts of GSI.

Solok Quadrangle, West Sumatra↗
USGS1975

Preliminary report on the economic potential of the Chattanooga Shale in Tennessee, data as of 1962

The Geological Survey?s investigations of the Chattanooga shale in Tennessee and adjacent states on behalf of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission consisted mostly of geologic studies and routine analyses of samples for uranium. In the course of the studies, however, other investigations were made, primarily to find answers to specific problems that arose from time to time. The large amount of analytical and related data obtained is here reported, with sufficient explanatory material to bring the data into proper perspective. Although the Survey has not made a comprehensive overall study of the geology, geochemistry, mineralogy, and petrography of the shale, sufficient information has been obtained to provide a sound basis for possible mining and processing of the shale in the future.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1975

Cedar Creek at Cedartown, Georgia-- floodflow characteristics at bridge site of Georgia Avenue relocation (supplement to open-file report 75-46)

The May 1974 U.S. Geological Survey open-file report 75-46, "Cedar Creek at Cedartown, Georgia, Floodflow Characteristics at Georgia Avenue, Relocation and Canal Street Extension," prepared at the request of the Georgia Department of Transportation, described the hydraulic characteristics of the Georgia Avenue relocation as constructed in April 1974, and evaluated the effects of three proposed changes in roadway grades at this crossing.

Georgia↗
USGS1975

Progress report on the water resources investigation of Martin County, Florida

The base of the shallow aquifer ranges from 125 feet (38 m) below sea level in the northwest part of Martin County to about 280 feet (85.3 m) below sea level in the southeast part of the county. Test holes also indicate a thick, highly permeable zone in the east part of the county which becomes thinner and interlaced with zones of lower permeability in the west part. Water levels decline about 2 to 5 feet (0.6 to 1.5 m) during the dry season (October 1973 to May 1974) in most areas of Martin County. Within the area influenced by the pumping of Stuart's public supply wells, water level declined 6 feet (1.8 m) between October 1973 and May 1974. Water levels during January - May 1974 in this area were 3 to 6 feet (0.0 to 1.8 m) lower than they were in January - May 1965. This difference was due to a three-fold increase in pumpage (0.8 to 2 mgd) from 1965 to 1974. Chloride concentrations in four salt water monitoring wells around the Stuart well field ranged from 35 to 45 mg/1 during the rainy season of 1973. No appreciative increase in chlorides was found by the end of the next dry season. Water from five surface water sites had higher concentrations of phosphorus than water found in a typical urban area in Fort Lauderdale. Water from seven sites contained concentrations of nitrogen less than the typical rural site average. Expansion of the test drilling program, observation of salt-water intrusion, water-level monitoring and continued nutrient sampling are planned for future study. An interpretative report will be prepared at the end of this investigation.

Florida↗
USGS1976

Puerto Rico seismic program seismological data report, August 16, 1974-June 30, 1975

The purpose of this data report is to collect and distribute preliminary data acquired from a network of seismic stations on Puerto Rico in order to facilitate current studies of earthquake occurrence. Record interpretation, data processing, and collation of hypocenter data and related event parameters are performed by the U.S. Geological Survey, Golden, Colorado. This compilation Is preliminary and is subject to later revision on the basis of current research.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1976

Progress report on geology of the Edwards aquifer, San Antonio area, Texas, and preliminary interpretation of borehole geophysical and laboratory data on carbonate rocks

This report describes the geology and porosity of the rocks of the Edwards aquifer, with particular attention to the eastern half of the San Antonio area. The data were obtained from geologic and geophysical studies of nine cored test holes, from laboratory analyses of samples of the aquifer materials, and from recent stratigraphic studies by other investigators. The Georgetown Formation and the Edwards Group or their equivalent stratigraphic units are extensively exposed in central Texas and they occur in the subsurface throughout southern Texas. They consist of a complex sequence of carbonate rocks deposited during Early Cretaceous time under different depositional conditions. Within the study area, the thickness of the carbonate rocks ranges from less than 400 feet (122 m) in the eastern part of the area to more than 600 feet (183 m) in the southwestern part. The depositional environments significantly affected the texture and the composition of the sediments. The Maverick Basin in the southwestern part of the study area was a euxinic basin surrounded by a barrier rudistid reef. Fine-grained carbonates and some associated evaporites occur within this basin. The San Marcos Platform in the eastern part of the study area was intermittently submerged by a transgressing continental sea. Much of the sediments are extensively reworked and burrowed by marine organisms. Several thick sequences of dolomites, evaporites, and associated collapsed deposits occur on the San Marcos Platform. The carbonates of the San Marcos Platform are extensively dissolved within the fresh-water zone. Much of the dissolution is selective of beds containing evaporites or porous dolomites. The dominant structural feature of the study area is a broad homocline that extends from nearly flat-lying beds on the Edwards Plateau to steeply dipping beds of the deep subsurface of the Gulf Coastal Plain. The homocline is interrupted by the Balcones Fault Zone, which is a zone of normal faults that extend across the study area. The intensity and complexity of faulting increases eastward as part of a progression from gentle flexures in the southwestern part of the study area to a complex pattern of tilted fault blocks on the San Marcos Platform.

Texas↗
USGS1976

Preliminary report on uranium-, thorium-, and rare-earth-bearing rocks near Golovin, Alaska

Uranium-, thorium-, and rare-earth bearing rocks were found by a U.S. Geological Survey field party 15 miles northeast of Golovin, Alaska, in the southeastern Seward Peninsula (fig. 1) in June 1976. The mineralized areas occur in syenite and appear to be concentrated along the margins of alkaline dikes, with allanite tentatively identified as the principal mineral containing the uranium-, thorium-, and rare-earths. Samples contain as much as 0.15 percent U 3 0 8 and 1.05 percent Th0 2 , and over 2 percent rare-earth elements. These mineralized rocks are closely associated with alkaline dikes which are part of a dike swarm that crops out over at least 250 km 2 (100 mi 2 ). This large dike swarm is thus of considerable economic interest. These uranium-, thorium-, and rare-earth-rich rocks occur near the west end of the western Alaska uranium-thorium province (West, 1953; Clark and others, 1975; Miller, 3976) and were found during a regional investigation of this province by the Geological Survey. The alkaline dikes were known from previous mapping by the two senior authors (Miller and others, 1972) to be anomalously radioactive. The mineralized areas described in this report were found while making a brief study of (1) alteration and/or mineralization associated with these dikes and (2) their relation to similar dikes and rocks which occur elsewhere in the province (Miller, 1972).

Alaska↗
USGS1977

Analog-model analysis of effects of waste-water management on the ground-water reservoir in Nassau and Suffolk counties, New York; Report III: Reduction and redistribution of ground-water pumpage

Two methods of reducing predicted water-level declines in the Long Island ground-water reservoir were simulated on an electric-analog model. The declines result from predicted increased ground-water withdrawals due to population growth and loss of ground-water recharge due to sewerage. The first method calls for a 30-percent reduction in pumpage from 1975 to 1995; this would be effected through conservation measures. The second method simulates the importation of water from Suffolk County to replace pumpage in Nassau County Sewage Disposal District 3, in 1995. Two amounts of imported water were tested in the second method--100 percent of the total amount pumped in Nassau County Sewage Disposal District 3 in 1995 (61.7 million gallons per day or 2.70 cubic meters per second) and 50 percent of.— that amount (30.8 million gallons per day or 1.35 cubic meters per second). With Method I, the maximum decline in water levels is 3.5 m (11 ft), which is considerably smaller than the decline of 5.0 m (16 ft) predicted in companion Report I without this reduction. Method 11 would change the regional water-level distribution entirely and would even cause a water-level rise in Nassau County, when 100 percent of the withdrawals of Sewage Disposal District 3 are imported. Results of the model analysis are depicted on maps showing net change in heads in the Magothy aquifer and at the water table and in a table listing changes in streamflow for selected streams.

New York↗
USGS1977

Report on preliminary data for Madison Limestone test well no.1, NE1/4 SE1/4 section 15, T. 57 N., R. 65 W., Crook County, Wyoming

This report provides the preliminary data for the Madison Limestone test well no. 1 in Crook County, Wyoming, including test-well history, geology of the test well, hydrologic testing, and geochemistry. The test well was drilled to a depth of 4,341 feet to determine the water-resource potential of the Madison Limestone and associated rocks to meet future water needs in a 188,000 sq mi region that includes the coal-rich area of the Northern Great Plains. Drilling and testing were designed to yield a maximum of stratigraphic, structural, geophysical, and hydrologic information. All significant water-bearing units contain relatively freshwater (less than 2,000 mg/liter dissolved solids). Three water-bearing units, which are now cased off, may be potential sources of ground water in the area of the test well. These are the Hulett Sandstone Member of the Sundance Formation, the Minnekahta Limestone, and the upper sandy part of the Minnelusa Formation. (Woodard-USGS)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1977

Summary report of the geology, mineral resources, engineering geology, and environmental geochemistry of the Sweetwater-Kemmerer area, Wyoming: Part B, Engineering geology

A knowledge of the engineering geologic characteristics of the Upper Cretaceous and lower Tertiary rocks is basic to assessing the effects of anticipated large-scale coal development in the Sweetwater-Kemmerer area of southwestern Wyoming. This development will include construction of railroads, highways, residences, and commercial and industrial installations, as well as surface and underground coal mines. Engineering geologic characteristics of the rocks and soils will affect all of these types of development. Engineering geologic characteristics, as used in this report, include the geotechnical properties of the various earth materials, and the behavior of these materials in natural and artificial slopes and in surface and underground coal mines. The geotechnical properties of the rocks both above and below the coal beds are important factors to consider in planning mining activities, because they control the behavior of the bedrock in response to either surface mining or underground mining. The properties of the rocks at the outcrop commonly may be so much altered from their natural state that geotechnical test results on these rocks can be false and misleading. It is commonly necessary to test drill cores in order to obtain adequate geotechnical information. The information necessary to properly evaluate the geotechnical properties of coal-bearing rocks in the Sweetwater-Kemmerer area is not currently available.

Wyoming↗
USGS1977

Reconnaissance report of geotechnical observations for the 4 March 1977 Romanian earthquake

A catastrophic earthquake struck south central Romania at 21:21 hours (9:21 p.m.) local time, March 4, 1977. The tremor collapsed 33 multistory buildings in Bucharest and damaged many other structures to varying degrees. Important damage was inflicted on many other cities and villages, particularly Craiova and Zimnicea. (For locations, see Fig. 1) Over 1,500 deaths resulted from the shock. The epicenter of the shock was preliminarily located at 45.85° N, 26.73° E with a focal depth of 110 km. A preliminary magnitude of 7.2 was assigned to the event. Aftershocks up to approximately magnitude 4 have spread south westward from the epicenter (approximately as far south as Buzau). The focal depths of aftershocks in the southern part of the zone were shallower than the main shock (as shallow as 50 km). A team of nine United States scientists and engineers was sent by the U. S. State Department to make a reconnaissance investigation of earthquake effects and damage. The team consisted of; Charles Culver (team leader) and George Fattal, National Bureau of Standards; Gerald Bowles and Fred Ruud, Bureau of Reclamation; Ernest Dodson, Army Corps of Engineers; Ted Algermissen Chris Rojahn and Les Youd, U. S. Geological Survey; and Karl Steinbrugge, Insurance Services office and a consultant to U.S.G.S. Upon arrival in Romania, the team was divided into groups which generally specialized in the following areas: Culver and Fattal investigated structural damage to buildings. Algermissen and Steinbrugge investigated the general distribution of damage and types of buildings affected in Bucharest. Dodson, Bowles and Ruud investigated damage to dams and hydroelectric power plants. Rojahn collected strong motion records and initiated discussions with the Romanians on the possible development of additional strong motion seismographs. Youd investigated damage to foundations and occurrences of ground failure (landslides, etc.). The groups worked independently of each other. However, there was communication between groups during joint meetings with various Romanian officials and in the evening hours. The purposes of this report are: 1. To summarize geotechnical effects of the earthquake. 2. To outline and justify a proposed United States Romanian cooperative geotechnical program which was considered as part of a broader cooperative program in engineering and seismology. 3. To provide a log of my travels.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1977

Bibliography of reports by members of the U.S. Geological Survey on the water resources of Alaska: 1870 through 1976

This bibliography lists publications prepared by members of the U.S. Geological Survey and published either by the Survey or by the other agencies and organizations between 1870 and the end of December 1976. The titles included are those whose primary topic is hydrology, water resources, or other aspects of water in Alaska. Related subjects, such as geology, included in many of these reports. (Woodard-USGS)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1977

Progress report to the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Commission for year ending September 30, 1977

The Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Commission and the U.S. Geological Survey have a mutual interest in flood-frequency and open-channel hydraulics for the economic design of bridges and culverts. This report is a summary of the accomplishments of the cooperative program. Included are plans for future work and a brief description of related water-resources programs of the Geological Survey in Arkansas. Peak stages and discharges were determined for 106 sites. Drainage areas for Ouachita River and Red River basins were determined. Hydraulic analyses were made for five bridge sites. (Woodard-USGS)

Open-File Report↗
USGS1978

A progress report on estuary modeling by the finite-element method

Various schemes are investigated for finite-element modeling of two-dimensional surface-water flows. The first schemes investigated combine finite-element spatial discretization with split-step time stepping schemes that have been found useful in finite-difference computations. Because of the large number of numerical integrations performed in space and the large sparse matrices solved, these finite-element schemes were found to be economically uncompetitive with finite-difference schemes. A very promising leapfrog scheme is proposed which, when combined with a novel very fast spatial integration procedure, eliminates the need to solve any matrices at all. Additional problems attacked included proper propagation of waves and proper specification of the normal-flow boundary condition. This report indicates work in progress and does not come to a definitive conclusion as to the best approach for finite-element modeling of surface-water problems. The results presented herein represent findings obtained between September 1973 and July 1976.

Open-File Report↗