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Bedrock and surficial geologic map of the Satan Butte and Greasewood 7.5’ quadrangles, Navajo and Apache Counties, northern Arizona

The geologic map of the Satan Butte and Greasewood 7.5’ quadrangles is the result of a cooperative effort of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Navajo Nation to provide regional geologic information for management and planning officials. This map provides geologic information useful for range management, plant and animal studies, flood control, water resource investigations, and natural hazards associated with sand-dune mobility. The map provides connectivity to the regional geologic framework of the Grand Canyon area of northern Arizona. The map area encompasses approximately 314 km 2 (123 mi 2 ) within Navajo and Apache Counties of northern Arizona and is bounded by lat 35°37'30" to 35°30' N., long 109°45' to 110° W. The quadrangles lie within the southern Colorado Plateau geologic province and within the northeastern portion of the Hopi Buttes (Tsézhin Bií). Large ephemeral drainages, Pueblo Colorado Wash and Steamboat Wash, originate north of the map area on the Defiance Plateau and Balakai Mesa respectively. Elevations range from 1,930 m (6,330 ft) at the top of Satan Butte to about 1,787 m (5,860 ft) at Pueblo Colorado Wash where it exits the southwest corner of the Greasewood quadrangle. The only settlement within the map area is Greasewood, Arizona, on the north side of Pueblo Colorado Wash. Navajo Highway 15 crosses both quadrangles and joins State Highway 264 northwest of Ganado. Unimproved dirt roads provide access to remote parts of the Navajo Reservation.

Arizona↗

Geologic Map of the Lavinia Planitia Quadrangle (V-55), Venus

Introduction The Lavinia Planitia quadrangle (V-55) is in the southern hemisphere of Venus and extends from 25 to 50 south latitude and from 330 to 360 longitude. It covers the central and northern part of Lavinia Planitia and parts of its margins. Lavinia Planitia consists of a centralized, deformed lowland flooded by volcanic deposits and surrounded by Dione Regio to the west (Keddie and Head, 1995), Alpha Regio tessera (Bindschadler and others, 1992a) and Eve Corona (Stofan and others, 1992) to the northeast, itself an extensive rift zone and coronae belt to the east and south (Baer and others, 1994; Magee and Head, 1995), Mylitta Fluctus to the south (Magee Roberts and others, 1992), and Helen Planitia to the southwest (Senske and others, 1991). In contrast to other areas on Venus, the Lavinia Planitia area is one of several large, relatively equidimensional lowlands (basins) and as such is an important region for the analysis of processes of basin formation and volcanic flooding. Before the Magellan mission, Lavinia Planitia was known on the basis of Pioneer-Venus altimetry to be a lowland area (Pettengill and others, 1980);. Arecibo radar images showed that Lavinia Plaitia was surrounded by several corona-like features and rift-like fractures parallel to the basin margin to the east and south (Senske and others, 1991; Campbell and others, 1990). Arecibo data further revealed that the interior contained complex patterns of deformational features in the form of belts and volcanic plains, and several regions along the margins were seen to be the sources of extensive outpourings of digitate lava flows into the interior (Senske and others, 1991; Campbell and others, 1990). Early Magellan results showed that the ridge belts are composed of complex structures of both extensional and contractional origin (Squyres and others, 1992; Solomon and others, 1992) and that the complex lava flows (fluctus) along the margins (Magee Roberts and others, 1992) emanated from a variety of sources ranging from volcanoes to coronae (Magee and Head, 1995; Keddie and Head, 1995). In addition, global analysis of the distribution of volcanic features revealed that Lavinia Planitia is an area deficient in the distribution of distinctive volcanic sources and corona-like features (Head and others, 1992; Crumpler and others, 1993). Lavinia Planitia gravity and geoid data show that the lowland is characterized by a -30 mGal gravity anomaly and a -10 m geoid anomaly, centered on eastern Lavinia (Bindschadler and others, 1992b; Konopliv and Sjogren, 1994). Indeed, the characteristics and configuration of Lavinia Planitia have been cited as evidence for the region being the site of large-scale mantle down welling (Bindschadler and others, 1992b). Thus, this region is a laboratory for the study of the formation of lowlands, the emplacement of volcanic plains, the formation of associated tectonic features, and their relation to mantle processes. These questions and issues are the basis for our geologic mapping analysis. In our analysis we have focused on the geologic mapping of the Lavinia Planitia quadrangle using traditional methods of geologic unit definition and characterization for the Earth (for example, American Commission on Stratigraphic Nomenclature, 1961) and planets (for example, Wilhelms, 1990) appropriately modified for radar data (Tanaka, 1994). We defined units and mapped key relations using the full resolution Magellan synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data (mosaiced full resolution basic image data records, C1-MIDR's, F-MIDR's, and F-Maps) and transferred these results to the base map compiled at a scale of 1:5 million. In addition to the SAR image data, we incorporated into our analyses digital versions of Magellan altimetry, emissivity, Fresnel reflectivity, and roughness data (root mean square, rms, slope). The background for our unit definition and characterization is described in Tanaka (1994), Basilevsky and Head (1995a, b)

IMAP↗

Surficial geologic map of the Norton-Manomet-Westport-Sconticut Neck 23-quadrangle area in southeast Massachusetts

The surficial geologic map shows the distribution of nonlithified earth materials at land surface in an area of 23 7.5-minute quadrangles (919 mi 2 total) in southeastern Massachusetts. Across Massachusetts, these materials range from a few feet to more than 500 ft in thickness. They overlie bedrock, which crops out in upland hills and as resistant ledges in valley areas. The geologic map differentiates surficial materials of Quaternary age on the basis of their lithologic characteristics (such as grain size and sedimentary structures), constructional geomorphic features, stratigraphic relationships, and age. Surficial materials also are known in engineering classifications as unconsolidated soils, which include coarse-grained soils, fine-grained soils, and organic fine-grained soils. Surficial materials underlie and are the parent materials of modern pedogenic soils, which have developed in them at the land surface. Surficial earth materials significantly affect human use of the land, and an accurate description of their distribution is particularly important for assessing water resources, construction aggregate resources, and earth-surface hazards, and for making land-use decisions. This work is part of a comprehensive study to produce a statewide digital map of the surficial geology at a 1:24,000-scale level of accuracy. This report includes explanatory text (PDF), quadrangle maps at 1:24,000 scale (PDF files), GIS data layers (ArcGIS shapefiles), metadata for the GIS layers, scanned topographic base maps (TIF), and a readme.txt file.

Massachusetts↗

Surficial geologic map of the Mount Grace-Ashburnham-Monson-Webster 24-quadrangle area in central Massachusetts

The surficial geologic map shows the distribution of nonlithified earth materials at land surface in an area of 24 7.5-minute quadrangles (1,238 mi2 total) in central Massachusetts. Across Massachusetts, these materials range from a few feet to more than 500 ft in thickness. They overlie bedrock, which crops out in upland hills and as resistant ledges in valley areas. The geologic map differentiates surficial materials of Quaternary age on the basis of their lithologic characteristics (such as grain size and sedimentary structures), constructional geomorphic features, stratigraphic relationships, and age. Surficial materials also are known in engineering classifications as unconsolidated soils, which include coarse-grained soils, fine-grained soils, and organic fine-grained soils. Surficial materials underlie and are the parent materials of modern pedogenic soils, which have developed in them at the land surface. Surficial earth materials significantly affect human use of the land, and an accurate description of their distribution is particularly important for assessing water resources, construction-aggregate resources, and earth-surface hazards, and for making land-use decisions. This work is part of a comprehensive study to produce a statewide digital map of the surficial geology at a 1:24,000-scale level of accuracy. This report includes explanatory text (PDF), quadrangle maps at 1:24,000 scale (PDF files), GIS data layers (ArcGIS shapefiles), metadata for the GIS layers, scanned topographic base maps (TIF), and a readme.txt file.

Massachusetts↗

Preliminary Geologic Map of the Topanga 7.5' Quadrangle, Southern California: A Digital Database

INTRODUCTION This Open-File report is a digital geologic map database. This pamphlet serves to introduce and describe the digital data. There is no paper map included in the Open-File report. This digital map database is compiled from previously published sources combined with some new mapping and modifications in nomenclature. The geologic map database delineates map units that are identified by general age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U. S. Geological Survey. For detailed descriptions of the units, their stratigraphic relations and sources of geologic mapping consult Yerkes and Campbell (1994). More specific information about the units may be available in the original sources. The content and character of the database and methods of obtaining it are described herein. The geologic map database itself, consisting of three ARC coverages and one base layer, can be obtained over the Internet or by magnetic tape copy as described below. The processes of extracting the geologic map database from the tar file, and importing the ARC export coverages (procedure described herein), will result in the creation of an ARC workspace (directory) called 'topnga.' The database was compiled using ARC/INFO version 7.0.3, a commercial Geographic Information System (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, California), with version 3.0 of the menu interface ALACARTE (Fitzgibbon and Wentworth, 1991, Fitzgibbon, 1991, Wentworth and Fitzgibbon, 1991). It is stored in uncompressed ARC export format (ARC/INFO version 7.x) in a compressed UNIX tar (tape archive) file. The tar file was compressed with gzip, and may be uncompressed with gzip, which is available free of charge via the Internet from the gzip Home Page (http://w3.teaser.fr/~jlgailly/gzip). A tar utility is required to extract the database from the tar file. This utility is included in most UNIX systems, and can be obtained free of charge via the Internet from Internet Literacy's Common Internet File Formats Webpage http://www.matisse.net/files/formats.html). ARC/INFO export files (files with the .e00 extension) can be converted into ARC/INFO coverages in ARC/INFO (see below) and can be read by some other Geographic Information Systems, such as MapInfo via ArcLink and ESRI's ArcView (version 1.0 for Windows 3.1 to 3.11 is available for free from ESRI's web site: http://www.esri.com). 1. Different base layer - The original digital database included separates clipped out of the Los Angeles 1:100,000 sheet. This release includes a vectorized scan of a scale-stable negative of the Topanga 7.5 minute quadrangle. 2. Map projection - The files in the original release were in polyconic projection. The projection used in this release is state plane, which allows for the tiling of adjacent quadrangles. 3. File compression - The files in the original release were compressed with UNIX compression. The files in this release are compressed with gzip.

Open-File Report↗

Geologic Map of the Cane Quadrangle, Coconino County, Northern Arizona

This digital map database is compiled from unpublished data and new mapping by the authors, represents the general distribution of surficial and bedrock geology in the mapped area. Together with the accompanying pamphlet, it provides current information on the geologic structure and stratigraphy of the area. The database delineate map units that are identified by age and lithology following the stratigraphic nomenclature of the U.S. Geological Survey. The scale of the source maps limits the spatial resolution of the database to 1:24,000 or smaller.

Miscellaneous Field Studies Map↗

Geologic map of the Eagle Quadrangle, Eagle County, Colorado

The Eagle quadrangle covers an area that straddles the Eagle River and Interstate 70 (I-70) and it includes the town of Eagle, Colo., which is located in the southwestern part of the quadrangle, just south of I-70 and the Eagle River, about 37 km west of Vail, Colo. The map area is part of the I-70 urban corridor, which is experiencing rapid and escalating urban growth. Geologic mapping along this corridor is needed for ongoing land-use planning. A variety of rocks and deposits characterize the map area and areas nearby. Sedimentary rocks present in the map area range in age from Pennsylvanian rocks, which were deposited in the ancestral Eagle basin during the formation of the ancestral Rocky Mountains, to Late Cretaceous rocks that were deposited just prior to the formation of the present Rocky Mountains. The Pennsylvanian rocks in the map area include a thick sequence of evaporitic rocks (Eagle Valley Evaporite). These evaporitic rocks are commonly complexly folded throughout the southern part of the quadrangle where they are exposed. In general, in the central and northern parts of the quadrangle, the sedimentary rocks overlying the evaporite dip gently to moderately northward. Consequently, the youngest sedimentary rocks (Late Cretaceous rocks) are exposed dipping gently to the north in the northern part of the quadrangle; landslide complexes are widespread along the northerly dipping, dip slopes in shaly rocks of the Cretaceous sequence in the northeastern part of the map area. During the Early Miocene, basaltic volcanism formed extensive basaltic flows that mantled the previously deformed and eroded sedimentary rocks. Erosional remnants of the basaltic flows are preserved in the southeastern, west-central, and north-central parts of the map area. Some of these basaltic flows are faulted and downdropped in a manner that suggests they were downdropped in areas where large volumes of the underlying evaporitic rocks were removed from the subsurface, beneath the basaltic rocks, by dissolution or flowage of the evaporite in the subsurface. Quaternary and late Tertiary(?) surficial deposits in the map area consist mainly of Quaternary alluvium and colluvium, late and middle Pleistocene terrace gravels of the Eagle River, Miocene(?) gravel remnants of the ancestral Eagle River and its tributaries, and Pleistocene to recent mass movement deposits that include landslides and debris flows. Potential geologic hazards in the map area include landslides, debris flows, rockfalls, local flooding, ground subsidence, and expansive and corrosive soils.

Colorado↗

Geologic map of the Buckeystown quadrangle, Frederick and Montgomery Counties, Maryland, and Loudoun County, Virginia

The Buckeystown quadrangle is underlain mostly by rocks of the western Piedmont province and a portion of the eastern Blue Ridge province. The western Piedmont province is underlain by Late Proterozoic(?) and Lower Cambrian(?) metasedimentary rocks of the Westminster terrane, Lower and Middle Cambrian metasedimentary rocks and Upper Cambrian to Lower Ordovician carbonate rocks of the Frederick Valley synclinorium, Upper Triassic sedimentary rocks of the Mesozoic Culpeper basin, and Early Jurassic dikes; Lower Cambrian metasedimentary rocks underlie the Blue Ridge province. Within the western Piedmont, Lower Cambrian(?) metasedimentary rocks of the Sugarloaf Mountain anticlinorium are interpreted to be exposed in a tectonic window (A.A. Drake, Jr., U.S. Geological Survey, oral commun., 1989; Horton and others, 1989; Rankin and others, 1989) through the complexly deformed allochthonous rocks of the Westminster terrane (Muller and others, 1989). The undated rocks of the Westminster terrane are interpreted to be rise-slope deep-water deposits of the Iapetus Ocean that were transported westward onto the Laurentian margin (ancestral North America) along the Martic thrust fault during the Ordovician Taconic orogeny (Horton and others, 1989). Continental margin strata, which underlie the Sugarloaf Mountain anticlinorium and continental margin-slope strata which underlie the Frederick Valley synclinorium, are here correlated with the Lower Cambrian Chilhowee Group and overlying carbonate rocks on the limbs of the Blue Ridge-South Mountain anticlinorium to the west. The relation of the Sugarloaf Mountain Quartzite (Jonas and Stose, 1938b) to surrounding rocks is controversial (Scotford, 1951; Stose and Stose, 1951; Thomas, 1952). The Martic thrust fault (Jonas, 1924, 1927; Knopf and Jonas, 1929) and the interpretation that the Sugarloaf Mountain anticlinorium (Scotford, 1951; Thomas, 1952) is a tectonic window through the Martic thrust sheet (A.A. Drake, Jr., U.S. Geological Survey, oral commun., 1989) further complicate the stratigraphic correlation of these rocks. Upper Triassic sedimentary rocks of the Culpeper basin consist of westward-dipping conglomerate, sandstone, and siltstone. These rocks, as well as intrusive Early Jurassic diabase dikes, accumulated during an early Mesozoic rifting event that resulted in the opening of the Atlantic Ocean. Contractional faults of Paleozoic orogenesis and extensional faults related to Mesozoic rifting indicate a complex tectonic history for this region. Cenozoic deposits, which overlie the bedrock, include high- and low-level alluvial terraces, residual gravel, colluvium, and alluvium. Terrace deposits of the ancestral Potomac River and the Monocacy River are as much as 183 ft and 140 ft, respectively, above the present river levels. Isolated residual gravel deposits that form in place from the weathering of the Upper Cambrian Frederick Formation superficially resemble terrace deposits. Colluvium of quartzite boulders is concentrated in hillslope depressions on Sugarloaf Mountain, and fanlike aprons of colluvial quartz pebbles cover the Triassic rocks on the west side of the Culpeper basin. Alluvium was mapped along the Potomac and Monocacy Rivers and all their tributaries. Altitude ranges from 200 ft along the Potomac River to 1,282 ft on the crest of Sugarloaf Mountain. The map area includes the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park, and the Monocacy Natural Resources Area. Sugarloaf Mountain is a registered natural landmark. Parts of the Buckeystown quadrangle were mapped by Jonas and Stose (1938a, scale 1:62,500), Scotford (1951, scale 1:12,500), Thomas (1952, scale 1:25,000), Cloos and Cook (1953, 1:62,500), Reinhardt (1974, scale 1:62,500), Froelich 1975, scale 1:62,500), and Lee (1979, scale 1:24,000). The map area is subdivided into five domains. Allochthonous rocks of the Westminster terrane are thrust onto rocks of the Frederick Valley synclinorium. Within the Westminster terrane of Muller and others (1989), the Sugarloaf Mountain Quartzite and Urbana Formation underlie the parautochthonous Sugarloaf Mountain anticlinorium. The Lower and Middle Cambrian Araby Formation and Upper Cambrian Frederick Formation crop out on the east limb of the Frederick Valley synclinorium. The Frederick Formation and Upper Cambrian and Lower Ordovician Grove Formation lie in the trough of the Frederick Valley synclinorium. Lower Cambrian Harpers, Antietam, and Tomstown Formations crop out on the east limb of the Blue Ridge-South Mountain anticlinorium in the extreme northwest corner of the map. The Blue Ridge-South Mountain anticlinorium is separated from the Frederick Valley synclinorium by Upper Triassic sedimentary rocks in the Culpeper basin half graben.

Maryland, Virginia↗