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USGS1970

Water resources data for Idaho, water year 1969: Part 1. Surface water records

Surface-water records for the 1969 water year for gaging stations, partial-record stations, and miscellaneous sites within the State of Idaho are given in this report and their locations shown in figures 2 and 3. Records for a few selected gaging stations in bordering States also are included. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, under the direction of W. L. Burnham, district chief, Water Resources Division. Through September 30, 1960, the records of discharge and stage of streams and contents and stage of lakes or reservoirs were published in an annual series of U.S. Geological Survey water-supply papers entitled "Surface Water Supply of the United States." Since 1951 there have been 20 volumes in the series; each volume covered an area whose boundaries coincided with those of certain natural drainage areas. The records in Idaho were contained in Parts 10, 12, and 13 of that series. Beginning with the 1961 water year, streamflow records and related data have been released by the Geological Survey in annual reports on a State-boundary basis. Distribution of these basic-data reports is limited and primarily for local needs. Records will be published in Geological Survey water-supply papers at 5-year intervals. These 5-year water-supply papers will show daily discharge and will be compiled on the same geographical areas previously used for the annual series; however, some of the 14 parts of conterminous United States will be further subdivided.

Idaho↗
USGS1963

Surface water records of California, 1963; Volume 2: Northern Great Basin and Central Valley

The surface-water records for the 1963 water year for gaging stations, partial-record stations, and miscellaneous sites within the State of California are given in this report. For convenience there are also included records for a few pertinent gaging stations in bordering States. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, under the direction of Walter Hofmann, district engineer. Surface Water Branch. Through September 30, 1960, the records of discharge and stage of streams and contents and stage of lakes or reservoirs were published in an annual series of U.S. Geological Survey water-supply papers entitled "Surface Water Supply of the United States." Since 1951 there have been 20 volumes in the series; each volume covered an area whose boundaries coincided with those of certain natural drainage areas. The records in California were contained in parts 9, 10, and 11 of that series. Beginning with the 1961 water year, streamflow records and related data are being released by the Geological Survey in annual reports on a State-boundary basis. Distribution of these basic data reports is limited and primarily for local needs. The records later will be published in Geological Survey water-supply papers at 5-year intervals. These 5-year water-supply papers will show daily discharge and will be compiled on the same geographical areas Previously used for the annual series; however, some of the 14 Parts of conterminous United States will be further subdivided.

California↗
USGS1964

Surface water records of California, 1964; Volume 2: Northern Great Basin and Central Valley

The surface-water records for the 1964 water year for gaging stations, partial-record stations, and miscellaneous sites within the State of California are given in this report. For convenience there are also included records for a few pertinent gaging stations in bordering States. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, under the direction of Walter Hofmann, district engineer, Surface Water Branch. Through September 30, 1960, the records of discharge and stage of streams and contents and stage of lakes or reservoirs were published in an annual series of U.S. Geological Survey water-supply papers entitled "Surface Water Supply of the United States." Since 1951 there have been 20 volumes in the series; each volume covered an area whose boundaries coincided with those of certain natural drainage areas. The records in California were contained in parts 9, 10, and 11 of that series. Beginning with the 1961 water year, streamflow records and related data are being released by the Geological Survey in annual reports on a State-boundary basis. Distribution of these basic data reports is limited and primarily for local needs. The records later will be published in Geological Survey water-supply papers at 5-year intervals. These 5-year water-supply papers will show daily discharge and will be compiled on the same geographical areas previously used for the annual series; however, some of the 14 parts of conterminous United States will be further subdivided.

California↗
USGS1974

Water resources data for Kansas, water year 1973; Part 2, Water quality records

Water-resources data for the 1973 water year for Kansas include records of data for the chemical and physical characteristics of surface and ground water. Data on the quality of surface water (chemical, microbiological, temperature, and sediment) were collected from designated sampling sites at predetermined intervals such as once daily, weekly, monthly, or less frequently, and at some sites data were recorded on punched paper tape at 60-minute intervals. Records are given for 70 sampling stations of which 7 are partial-record stations, and for 51 miscellaneous sites. Miscellaneous temperatures of streamflow are given for 77 gaging stations, and records of chemical analyses are given for 224 ground-water sites. Locations of surface water-quality stations are shown in Figure 1, page 2. Records for pertinent water-quality stations in bordering States are also included. The records were collected by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey under the direction of C. W. Lane, district chief. These data represent that portion of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Kansas. Kansas District personnel who contributed significantly to the collection and preparation of data included in this report were: B. L. Day, L. R. Shelton, M. L. Penny, L. R. Stringer, and D. J. Dark (Kansas State Department of Health). The Geological Survey has published records of chemical quality, suspended sediment, and water temperatures since 1941 in annual series of water-supply papers entitled, "Quality of Surface Waters of the United States." Beginning with the 1964 water year, water-quality records also have been released by the Geological Survey in annual reports on a State-boundary basis. Distribution of these reports is limited; they are designed primarily for rapid release of data shortly after the end of the water year to meet local needs. These records will be published later in Geological Survey water-supply papers.

Kansas↗
USGS2015

2013 Monitoring and tracking wet nitrogen deposition at Rocky Mountain National Park

In 2004, multiple agencies including the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE), the National Park Service (NPS), and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) met to address the effects and trends of nitrogen deposition and related air quality issues at Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP). These agencies signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) to facilitate interagency coordination, calling the effort the “Rocky Mountain National Park Initiative.” After much collaboration, the MOU agencies (CDPHE, NPS, and U.S. EPA) issued the Nitrogen Deposition Reduction Plan (NDRP) in 2007, which was endorsed by the three agencies and the Colorado Air Quality Control Commission (AQCC). The NDRP and other related documents are available on the CDPHE website: http://www.colorado.gov/cdphe/rmnpinitiative. The purpose of this report is to inform the MOU agencies, stakeholders, and the public about the status and trends of wet nitrogen deposition at RMNP through 2013. In addition to other types of evidence, the MOU agencies use the information provided in this annual report to determine interim milestone achievements.

Natural Resource Report↗
USGS2023

Continuous stream discharge, salinity, and associated data collected in the lower St. Johns River and its tributaries, Florida, 2021

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Jacksonville District, is deepening the St. Johns River channel in Jacksonville, Florida, by 7 feet along 13 miles of the river channel beginning at the mouth of the river at the Atlantic Ocean, in order to accommodate larger, fully loaded cargo vessels. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, monitored stage, discharge, and (or) water temperature and salinity at 26 continuous data collection stations in the St. Johns River and its tributaries. This is the sixth annual report by the U.S. Geological Survey on data collection for the Jacksonville Harbor deepening project. Prior reports in this series documented data collected from October 2015 to September 2020. This report contains information pertinent to data collection during the 2021 water year, from October 2020 to September 2021. There were no modifications this year to the previously installed monitoring network. Data at each station were compared for the length of the project and on a yearly basis to show the annual variability of discharge and salinity in the project area. Discharge and salinity varied widely during the 2021 water year data collection period, which included above-average rainfall for four of the five counties in the study area. Total annual rainfall for all counties ranked third among the annual totals computed for the 6 years considered for this study. Annual mean discharge at Durbin Creek was highest among the tributaries, followed by Trout River, Clapboard Creek, Ortega River, Pottsburg Creek at U.S. 90, Julington Creek, Pottsburg Creek near South Jacksonville, Dunn Creek, Cedar River, and Broward River, whose annual mean discharge was lowest. Annual mean discharge at 7 of the 10 tributary monitoring sites was higher for the 2021 water year than for the 2020 water year, and the computed annual mean flow at Clapboard Creek was the highest over the 6 years considered for this study. The annual mean discharge for each of the main-stem sites was higher for the 2021 water year than for the 2020 water year and ranked second among the annual totals computed for the 6 years considered for this study. Among the tributary sites, annual mean salinity was highest at Clapboard Creek, the site closest to the Atlantic Ocean, and was lowest at Durbin Creek, the site farthest from the ocean. Annual mean salinity data from the main-stem sites on the St. Johns River indicate that salinity decreased with distance upstream from the ocean, which was expected. Relative to annual mean salinity calculated for the 2020 water year, annual mean salinity at all monitoring locations was lower for the 2021 water year except at the tributary site of Durbin Creek, which remained the same. The 2021 annual mean salinity at all sites ranked second lowest since the beginning of the study in 2016 except at Julington Creek and Racy Point, which tied for lowest, and Durbin Creek, which had the same value for each year.

Florida↗
USGS2015

Groundwater conditions in Utah, spring of 2015

This is the fifty-second in a series of annual reports that describe groundwater conditions in Utah. Reports in this series, published cooperatively by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights, and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality, provide data to enable interested parties to maintain awareness of changing groundwater conditions. This report, like the others in the series, contains information on well construction, groundwater withdrawals from wells, water-level changes, precipitation, streamflow, and chemical quality of water. Information on well construction included in this report refers only to new wells constructed for withdrawal of groundwater. Supplementary data are included in reports of this series only for those years or areas that are important to a discussion of changing groundwater conditions and for which applicable data are available. This report includes individual discussions of selected significant areas of groundwater development in the State for calendar year 2014. Most of the reported data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Utah Department of Natural Resources, Division of Water Rights, and the Utah Department of Environmental Quality, Division of Water Quality. This report is also available online at http://www.waterrights.utah.gov/techinfo/ and http://ut.water.usgs.gov/publications/GW2015.pdf. Groundwater conditions in Utah for calendar year 2013 are reported in Burden and others (2014) and are available online at http://ut.water.usgs.gov/publications/GW2014.pdf. The water-level change maps in this report show the difference between water levels measured in the same well at two distinct times: in the spring of 1985 and the spring of 2015. Throughout the state, many groundwater levels were near their peak in or around 1985 following a multiple-year period of above average precipitation in the early 1980s. Conversely, consecutive years of significant drought have contributed to low groundwater levels in 2015. For these reasons, the difference between 1985 and 2015 groundwater levels may not accurately portray long-term changes in an aquifer. An evaluation of water-level trends should also include consideration of the annual water-level measurement plots provided for each of the major areas of groundwater development in this report.

Utah↗
USGS1975

Water resources data for Kansas, water year 1974; Part 1, Surface water records

Water resources data for the 1974 water year for Kansas including records of stream-flow or reservoir storage at gaging stations, partial-record stations, and miscellaneous sites are given in this report. Records are included for 163 gaging stations of which 143 are streamflow discharge stations and 20 are reservoir or lake stations; also are included records for 23 low-flow partial-record stations, 127 crest-stage partial-record stations, and 2 flood-hydrograph stations. Locations of gaging stations are shown in figure 1. A few pertinent stations (not included above) in bordering States are also included in this report. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey under the direction of Charles W. Lane, district chief. These data represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Kansas. Beginning with the 1961 water year, streamflow records and related data have been released by the Geological Survey in annual reports on a State-boundary basis. These reports are for limited distribution and are designed primarily for rapid release of data shortly after the end of the water year. Records of discharge and stage of streams, and contents and stage of lakes and reservoirs are published in a series of U.S. Geological Survey water-supply papers entitled, "Surface Water Supply of the United States." Through September 30, 1960, these water-supply papers were in an annual series and since then are in a 5-year series. More information is given under the headings "Publications" on page 6.

Kansas↗
USGS1974

Water resources data for Wyoming, water year 1973; part 1, surface water records

Surface-water records for the 1973 water year for Wyoming, including records of streamflow or reservoir storage at gaging stations, partial-record stations, and miscellaneous sites, are given in this report. The locations of the gaging stations and partial-record stations are shown in figures 1 and 2. Records for a few pertinent gaging stations in bordering States also are included. These data represent that portion of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Wyoming. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey under the direction of Robert L. Cushman, district chief. Wyoming district personnel who contributed significantly to the collection and preparation of data included in this report were: S.A. Druse, D. J. O'Connell, G. S. Craig, Jr., G. W. Armentrout, Jr., H. W. Lowham, J. G. Rankl, P. B. McCollam, C. F. Obert, W. R. Glass, T.W. Custis, R. L. Muench, J. O. Ragsdale, M. D. Stevens, R. C. Bauman, J. L. Lynch, and S. L. Green. Beginning with the 1961 water year, streamflow records and related data have been released by the Geological Survey in annual reports on a State-boundary basis. These reports are for limited distribution and are designed primarily for rapid release of data shortly after the end of the water year. Records of discharge and stage of streams and canals, and contents and stage of lakes or reservoirs, are published in a series of U.S. Geological Survey water-supply papers entitled "Surface Water Supply of the United States." Through September 30, 1960, these water-supply papers were in an annual series and since then are in a 5-year series. More information is given under the heading "Publications" on page 9.

Wyoming↗
USGS1973

Water resources data for West Virginia, water year 1972

Water resources data for the 1972 water year for West Virginia including records of streamflow or reservoir storage at gaging stations, partial-record stations, and miscellaneous sites, and records of water-quality data on the chemical and physical characteristics of surface water, are given in this report. In Part 1, records are included for 126 gaging stations of which 119 are streamflow discharge stations, 1 is stage only streamflow station, and 6 are reservoir or lake stations; also included are records for 7 low-flow partial record stations, 42 crest-stage partial-record stations, and 12 miscellaneous sites. Locations of gaging stations are shown in Figure 1. In Part 2, data on the quality of surface water (chemical, temperature, and sediment) were collected from designated sampling sites at predetermined intervals, such as once daily, weekly, monthly, or less frequently, and at some sites data were recorded on punched paper tape at 15-, 30-, or 60-minute intervals. Records are given for 30 sampling stations of which 18 are continuous record stations, and 12 are partial-record stations. Locations of water-quality stations are shown in Figure 1. A few pertinent stations (not included above) in bordering States are also included in this report. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey under the direction of Edwin E. Harris, district chief. These data represent that portion of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in West Virginia. Beginning with the 1961 water year, streamflow records and related data have been released by the Geological Survey in annual reports on a State-boundary basis. Water-quality records beginning with the 1964 water year have been similarly released either in separate reports or in conjunction with streamflow records. These reports are for limited distribution and are designed primarily for rapid release of data shortly after the end of the water year. Records of discharge and stage of streams, and contents and stage of lakes and reservoirs are published in a series of U.S. Geological Survey water-supply papers entitled, "Surface Water. Supply of the United States." Through September 30, 1960, these water-supply papers were in an annual series and since then are in a 5-year series. Records of chemical quality, water temperatures, and suspended sediment have been published since 1941 in an annual series of water-supply papers entitled, "Quality of Surface Waters of the United States." More information is given under the headings "Publications" on pages 15 and 20.

West Virginia↗
USGS1971

Water resources data for Idaho, water year 1970; Part 1, Surface water records

Surface-water records for the 1970 water year for gaging stations, partial-record stations, and miscellaneous sites within the State of Idaho are given in this report and their locations shown in figures 2 and 3. Records for a few selected gaging stations in bordering States also are included. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, under the direction of W. L. Burnham, district chief, Water Resources Division. Through September 30, 1960, the records of discharge and stage of streams and contents and stage of lakes or reservoirs were published in an annual series of U.S. Geological Survey water-supply papers entitled "Surface Water Supply of the United States." Since 1951 there have been 20 volumes in the series; each volume covered an area whose boundaries coincided with those of certain natural drainage areas. The records in Idaho were contained in Parts 10, 12, and 13 of that series. Beginning with the 1961 water year, streamflow records and related data have been released by the Geological Survey in annual reports on a State boundary basis. Distribution of these basic-data reports is limited; they are designed primarily for rapid release of data shortly after the end of the water year to meet local needs. The discharge and reservoir-storage records are also being published at 5-year intervals in a Geological Survey water-supply paper series entitled "Surface Water Supply of the United States." These papers which show daily discharge and storage figures are compiled on the same geographical areas used for the annual series published through September 30, 1960. The daily records for 1961-65 are compiled in Water-Supply Papers 1927 (Part 10), 1933 (Part 12), and 1934 (Part 13).

Idaho↗
USGS2016

Historical reconstructions of California wildfires vary by data source

Historical data are essential for understanding how fire activity responds to different drivers. It is important that the source of data is commensurate with the spatial and temporal scale of the question addressed, but fire history databases are derived from different sources with different restrictions. In California, a frequently used fire history dataset is the State of California Fire and Resource Assessment Program (FRAP) fire history database, which circumscribes fire perimeters at a relatively fine scale. It includes large fires on both state and federal lands but only covers fires that were mapped or had other spatially explicit data. A different database is the state and federal governments’ annual reports of all fires. They are more complete than the FRAP database but are only spatially explicit to the level of county (California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection – Cal Fire) or forest (United States Forest Service – USFS). We found substantial differences between the FRAP database and the annual summaries, with the largest and most consistent discrepancy being in fire frequency. The FRAP database missed the majority of fires and is thus a poor indicator of fire frequency or indicators of ignition sources. The FRAP database is also deficient in area burned, especially before 1950. Even in contemporary records, the huge number of smaller fires not included in the FRAP database account for substantial cumulative differences in area burned. Wildfires in California account for nearly half of the western United States fire suppression budget. Therefore, the conclusions about data discrepancies and the implications for fire research are of broad importance.

California↗
USGS1997

Air temperature and precipitation data, Gulkana Glacier, Alaska, 1968-96

Daily, monthly, and annual average air temperature and precipitation-catch data were recorded at Gulkana Glacier basin, Alaska, between October 1967 and September 1996. The data set is important because it provides long-term climate information from the highest year-round climatological recording site in Alaska. The daily air temperature data set is 96 percent complete. The daily precipitation data set is 83 percent complete; precipitation data for 1993-96 are missing. Annual data summaries are calculated for each hydrologic year, October 1 through September 30, for years that have 12 months of data. Monthly precipitation-catch and average air temperature summaries are calculated for months with nine or fewer daily records missing. The average annual air temperature recorded at the site from hydrologic year 1968 through 1996 was -4.1 degrees Celsius. The coldest recorded year was 1972 with an average annual temperature of -6.7 degrees Celsius. The warmest year was 1981 with an average annual temperature of -2.6 degrees Celsius. January 1971 was the coldest month with an average temperature of -20.8 degrees Celsius. July 1989 was the warmest month with an average temperature of 8.7 degrees Celsius. January 17, 1971, was the coldest day with an average temperature of -35.0 degrees Celsius. June 15, 1969, was the warmest day with an average temperature of 16.4 degrees Celsius. The average annual precipitation catch recorded at the site from hydrologic year 1968 through 1992 was 1,020 millimeters. The highest annual precipitation catch recorded was 1,572 millimeters in 1981; the lowest was 555 millimeters in 1969. The highest recorded monthly precipitation catch was 448 millimeters in July 1981 and in several different months no precipitation was recorded. The highest daily precipitation catch was 99 millimeters on September 12, 1972, and on many different dates no precipitation was recorded. Because of low gage-catch efficiency the reported annual precipitation-catch data are estimated to represent about 62 percent of the actual annual basin precipitation. Snowfall is the dominant form of precipitation on the glacier from September through mid-June.

Open-File Report↗
USGS1975

Water resources data for Wyoming, water year 1974

Surface-water records for the 1974 water year for Wyoming, including records of streamflow or reservoir storage at gaging stations, partial-record stations, and miscellaneous sites, are given in this report. The locations of the gaging stations and partial-record stations are shown in figures 1 and 2. Records for a few pertinent gaging stations in bordering States also are included. These data represent that portion of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Wyoming. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey under the direction of Sam W. West, district chief. Wyoming district personnel who contributed significantly to the collection and preparation of data included in this report were: S. A. Druse, D. J. O'Connell, G. S. Craig, Jr., G. W. Armentrout, Jr., H. W. Lowham, J. G. Rankl, P. B. McCollam, C. F. Obert, W. R. Glass, D. J. Pangburn, T. W. Custis, R. L. Muench, J. O. Ragsdale, M. D. Stevens, R. C. Bauman, D. J. Wangsness, L. W. Lenfest, B. C. Pedersen, M. T. O'Grady, and S. L. Green. Beginning with the 1961 water year, streamflow records and related data have been released by the Geological Survey in annual reports on a State-boundary basis. These reports are for limited distribution and are designed primarily for rapid release of data shortly after the end of the water year. Records of discharge and stage of streams and canals, and contents and stage of lakes or reservoirs, are published in a series of U.S. Geological Survey water-supply papers entitled "Surface Water Supply of the United States." Through September 30, 1960, these water-supply papers were in an annual series and since then are in a 5-year series. More information is given under the heading "Publications" on page 9.

Wyoming↗
USGS2020

Continuous stream discharge, salinity, and associated data collected in the lower St. Johns River and its tributaries, Florida, 2019

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Jacksonville District, is deepening the St. Johns River channel in Jacksonville, Florida, from 40 to 47 feet along 13 miles of the river channel beginning at the mouth of the river at the Atlantic Ocean, in order to accommodate larger, fully loaded cargo vessels. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, monitored stage, discharge, and (or) water temperature and salinity at 26 continuous data collection stations in the St. Johns River and its tributaries. This is the fourth annual report by the U.S. Geological Survey on data collection for the Jacksonville Harbor deepening project. The report contains information pertinent to data collection during the 2019 water year, from October 2018 to September 2019. No changes to the previously installed data collection network were made during this period. Discharge and salinity varied widely during the data collection period, which included above-average rainfall for all counties in the study area over the 3-month period from November to January, below-average annual rain­fall for all counties, and effects from Hurricane Dorian in September 2019. Total annual rainfall for all counties ranked third among the annual totals computed for the 4 years considered for this study. Annual mean discharge at Durbin Creek was highest among the tributaries, followed by Trout River, Ortega River, Julington Creek, Pottsburg Creek, Broward River, Cedar River, Clapboard Creek, and Dunn Creek. The annual mean discharge for each of the main-stem sites was lower for the 2019 water year than for the 2018 water year. Since the beginning of the study in 2016, the St. Johns River at Astor station computed its lowest annual mean discharge, the Jacksonville station recorded its second lowest, and the Buffalo Bluff station recorded its second highest in 2019. Among the tributary sites, annual mean salinity was highest at Clapboard Creek, the site closest to the Atlantic Ocean, and was lowest at Durbin Creek, the site farthest from the ocean. Annual mean salinity data from the main-stem sites on the St. Johns River indicate that salinity decreased with distance upstream from the ocean, which was expected. Relative to annual mean salinity calculated for the 2018 water year, annual mean salinity at all monitoring locations was higher for the 2019 water year except at the main-stem site below Shands Bridge and at the tributary sites of Durbin Creek and Julington Creek, which remained the same. The 2019 annual mean salinity at Dunn Creek was the highest on record for that site, and Clapboard Creek and Trout River were the second highest on record for those sites.

Florida↗
USGS2022

Continuous stream discharge, salinity, and associated data collected in the lower St. Johns River and its tributaries, Florida, 2020

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Jacksonville District, is deepening the St. Johns River channel in Jacksonville, Florida, from 40 to 47 feet along 13 miles of the river channel beginning at the mouth of the river at the Atlantic Ocean, in order to accommodate larger, fully loaded cargo vessels. The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, monitored stage, discharge, and (or) water temperature and salinity at 26 continuous data collection stations in the St. Johns River and its tributaries. This is the fifth annual report by the U.S. Geological Survey on data collection for the Jacksonville Harbor deepening project. The report contains information pertinent to data collection during the 2020 water year, from October 2019 to September 2020. The addition of water-quality data collection at St. Johns River at Buffalo Bluff near Satsuma was the only modification to the previously installed network. Discharge and salinity varied widely during the data collection period, which included above-average rainfall for 3 of the 5 counties in the study area. Total annual rainfall for all counties ranked third among the annual totals computed for the 5 years considered for this study. Annual mean discharge at Clapboard Creek was highest among the tributaries, followed by Ortega River, Durbin Creek, Pottsburg Creek at U.S. 90, Cedar River, Trout River, Julington Creek, Pottsburg Creek near South Jacksonville, Dunn Creek, and Broward River, whose annual mean was lowest. Annual mean discharge at 8 of the 10 tributary monitoring sites was higher for the 2020 water year than for the 2019 water year, and the computed annual mean flow at Clapboard Creek was the highest over the 5 years considered for this study. The annual mean discharge for each of the main-stem sites was higher for the 2020 water year than for the 2019 water year except for Buffalo Bluff, which remained the same. Among the tributary sites, annual mean salinity was highest at Clapboard Creek, the site closest to the Atlantic Ocean, and was lowest at Durbin Creek, the site farthest from the ocean. Annual mean salinity data from the main-stem sites on the St. Johns River indicate that salinity decreased with distance upstream from the ocean, which was expected. Relative to annual mean salinity calculated for the 2019 water year, annual mean salinity at all monitoring locations was higher for the 2020 water year except at the tributary sites of Trout River, Dunn Creek, and Clapboard Creek, which were lower, and Durbin Creek, which remained the same. The 2020 annual mean salinity on the main-stem of the St. Johns River was the highest since the beginning of the study in 2016 at Dancy Point, Racy Point, Shands Bridge, below Shands Bridge, above Buckman Bridge, and Jacksonville (Acosta Bridge). Among the tributary sites, annual mean salinity rankings for 2020 were highest for Julington Creek and Ortega River, which were the second-highest on record for those sites.

Florida↗
USGS1974

Water resources data for Arizona, water year 1973: Part 1. Surface water records

Surface-water records for the 1973 water year for Arizona, including records of streamflow or reservoir storage at gaging stations, partial-record stations, and miscellaneous sites, are given in this report and their locations shown in figures 1, 3, and 4. Records for a few pertinent gaging stations in bordering States also are included. The records were collected and computed by the Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey under the direction of H. M. Babcock, district chief. These data represent that portion of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Arizona. Beginning with the 1961 water year, surface-water records have been released by the Geological Survey in annual reports on a State boundary basis. Distribution of these reports is limited; they are designed primarily for rapid release of data shortly after the end of the water year to meet local needs. Records of discharge and stage of streams and canals and contents and stage of lakes and reservoirs are published in a series of U.S. Geological Survey water-supply papers entitled "Surface Water Supply of the United States." Through September 30, 1960, these water-supply papers were in an annual series and since then are in a 5-year series. More information is given under the heading "Publications."

Arizona↗
USGS2002

Introduction

The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge in northeastern Alaska is one of 16 refuges in Alaska and 539 refuges nationwide within the National Wildlife Refuge System administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. First established as the Arctic National Wildlife Range in 1960 by Public Land Order 2214, it initially had a three-fold purpose to preserve unique wildlife, wilderness, and recreation values on 8.9 million acres. In 1980, the Arctic National Wildlife Range was expanded to the southwest and renamed the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (also called the Arctic Refuge in this report) when the U.S. Congress passed the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA), Public Law 96-487 (94 Stat. 2371). This legislation also designated almost all of the original Arctic National Wildlife Range as wilderness, and it directed the Secretary of the Interior to conduct studies evaluating both the biological resources and the potential petroleum reserves of 1.5 million acres (titled the 1002 Area) on the coastal plain of the Arctic Refuge. In April 1982, the Arctic Refuge staff completed a report summarizing the then current state of knowledge on the fish, wildlife, and their habitats present on the coastal plain of the Arctic Refuge (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1982). From 1982 to 1985, field investigations of biological resources of the 1002 Area were carried out by a number of investigators, and annual reports summarized the results (Garner and Reynolds 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987). These reports and other resources were used to prepare a Department of the Interior report to Congress: Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska Coastal Plain Resource Assessment - Report and Recommendation to the Congress of the United States and Final Environmental Impact Satement (Clough et al., 1987).

Alaska, Northwest Territories, Yukon Territory↗