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Wind River Watershed Restoration: Annual report April 2006 to March 2007
This report summarizes work completed by U.S. Geological Survey’s Columbia River Research Laboratory (USGS-CRRL) in the Wind River subbasin during the period April 2006 through March 2007 under Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) contract 26922. During this period, we collected temperature, flow, and habitat data to characterize physical habitat condition and variation within and among tributaries and mainstem sections in the Wind River subbasin. We also conducted electrofishing and snorkeling surveys to determine juvenile salmonid populations within select study areas throughout the subbasin. Portions of this work were completed with additional funding from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the Lower Columbia Fish Enhancement Group (LCFEG). Funding from USFWS was for work to contribute to a study of potential interactions between introduced Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and wild steelhead O. mykiss. Funding from LCFEG was for work to evaluate the effects of nutrient enrichment in small streams. A statement of work (SOW) was submitted to BPA in March 2006 that outlined work to be performed by USGS-CRRL. The SOW was organized by work elements, with each describing a research task. This report summarizes the progress completed under each work element.
Investigating passage of ESA-listed juvenile fall Chinook salmon at Lower Granite Dam during winter when the fish bypass system is not operated. 2006 Annual Report
During the winter of 2005-06, we radio and PIT tagged and released 48 juvenile fall Chinook salmon to evaluate over-wintering behavior and dam passage in the lower Snake River, Washington. Fish were released at the upstream end of the Lower Granite Dam forebay in November and December 2005. Fixed radio telemetry detection sites located in forebay and tailrace areas of Lower Granite, Little Goose, Lower Monumental and Ice Harbor dams were used to monitor fish movements and dam passage through early-May 2006. Of the 48 fish released during our study, 39 (81 %) passed Lower Granite Dam and were detected at downstream detection sites, 29 (60%) passed Little Goose Dam, 25 (52%) passed Lower Monumental Dam, and 15 (31%) passed Ice Harbor Dam. Thirty-seven (95%), 23 (79%), 16 (64%), and 9 (60%) of the fish that passed Lower Granite, Little Goose, Lower Monumental, and Ice Harbor dams respectively, did so when the fish bypass system was not operated. Passage of tagged fish past lower Snake River dams generally declined during the winter, but increased again after bypass began in April. Fish residence times in reservoirs and forebays was lengthy during the winter (up to 118 d), and varied by reservoir and time of year. We observed no diel passage trends. Only 15 of the 48 fish were subsequently detected at a PIT-tag interrogation site the following spring. We believe that passage of overwintering juvenile fall Chinook salmon during winter is due more to chance than directed downstream movement. Since the primary route of passage during the winter is through powerhouse turbines, the potential exists for increased mortality for over-wintering juvenile fall Chinook salmon in the Snake River. Our findings also have implications for transportation studies of subyearling fall Chinook salmon in the Snake River. Specifically, the finding that some fish can pass undetected during the winter may bias smolt-to-adult return rate calculations that are typically used to measure the success of the aforementioned management actions.
Wind River watershed restoration: Annual Report April 2004 - March 2005
During 2004, researchers from U.S. Geological Survey’s Columbia River Research Laboratory (USGS-CRRL) collected temperature, flow, and habitat data to characterize physical habitat condition and variation within and among tributaries and mainstem sections in the Wind River subbasin. Juvenile salmonid population surveys were conducted within select study areas throughout the subbasin. We expanded our survey coverage of the mainstem Wind River to a reach in the vicinity of Carson National Fish Hatchery to assess effects of non-indigenous Chinook on native steelhead. These efforts add to a database of habitat and fish data collected in the Wind River since 1996. This research contributes to the Wind River Restoration Project, which includes active stream habitat restoration and monitoring of adult and juvenile steelhead populations.
Wind River Watershed Restoration: Annual Report April 2005 - March 2006
This report summarizes work completed by U.S. Geological Survey’s Columbia River Research Laboratory (USGS-CRRL) in the Wind River subbasin during the period April 2005 through March 2006 under Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) contract 22095. During this period, we collected temperature, flow, and habitat data to characterize habitat condition and variation within and among tributaries and mainstem sections in the Wind River subbasin. We also conducted electrofishing and snorkeling surveys to determine juvenile salmonid populations within select study areas throughout the subbasin. Portions of this work were completed with additional funding from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the Lower Columbia Fish Enhancement Group (LCFEG).
Wind River Watershed Project: flow, temperature, and habitat conditions. Annual report April 2002-March 2003
Abstract not available
The Chief Joseph Hatchery Program 2014 Annual Report
The Chief Joseph Hatchery Program is comprised of both operations and maintenance of the Chief Joseph Hatchery, located near Bridgeport, Washington and the monitoring and evaluation of natural- and hatchery-origin Chinook salmon in the Okanogan Subbasin. In 2014, the Chief Joseph Hatchery released 44,267 yearling and 186,050 subyearling integrated Chinook from the Omak acclimation pond, and 265,656 subyearling segregated Chinook from the hatchery. Full production potential was not met at the hatchery for brood year 2014 because of higher than anticipated pre-spawn mortality in the broodstock. The total Chinook spawn in 2014 included, 132 hatcheryorigin Spring Chinook (66 male, 66 female)(21% of full program), 498 natural-origin summer/fall Chinook (250 male, 248 female)(83% of full program), and 453 hatcheryorigin Summer/Fall Chinook (223 male, 230 female)(92%). Two hundred thousand Spring Chinook parr were received in late October at the Riverside Acclimation Pond from the Winthrop National Fish Hatchery (100% of full production). These fish will be released in the spring of 2015 and mark the beginning of implementation of the non-essential experimental population under section 10(j) of the Endangered Species Act. Monitoring and evaluation consist primarily of operating rotary screw traps on the Okanogan River to monitor juvenile production and outmigration, beach seining and PIT tagging operations at the confluence of the Okanogan and Columbia Rivers, the operation of an adult pilot weir on the Okanogan River, and redd and carcass surveys on the Okanogan and Similkameen rivers. In 2014, the rotary screw traps captured 22,073 natural-origin Chinook, and estimated total juvenile outmigration was 3,265,309 (95% C. I. = 1,809,367- 4,721,251). Via the beach seine, 9,133 juvenile Chinook were captured, and 8,226 were released with an implanted PIT tag. 2,324 adult Chinook were encountered in the weir trap, of which 318 were hatchery-origin and 2,006 were natural-origin. All natural-origin fish were released upstream of the weir unharmed, except for 76 which were taken for broodstock. All but four of the hatchery-origin fish encountered in the trap were removed for pHOS management. Redd surveys detected 4,253 Summer/Fall Chinook redds, which led to a spawner escapement estimate of 12,164 Chinook. 2,452 carcasses were recovered (2,123 natural-origin and 329 hatchery-origin), and the proportion of hatchery-origin spawners was 0.12.
Monitoring and assessment of juvenile steelhead on Toppenish National Wildlife Refuge. Annual report 2003
Abstract not available
White sturgeon mitigation and restoration in the Columbia and Snake rivers upstream from Bonneville Dam Report C, Annual Progress Report April 2003 - March 2004
River discharge and water temperatures that occurred during April through July 2003 provided conditions suitable for spawning by white sturgeon downstream from Bonneville, The Dalles, John Day, and McNary dams. Although optimal spawning temperatures in the four tailraces occurred for less than two weeks, they coincided with a period of relatively high river discharge. Bottom-trawl sampling in Bonneville and The Dalles Reservoirs revealed the presence of young-of-the-year (YOY) white sturgeon in Bonneville Reservoir, but none were captured in The Dalles Reservoir. A comparison of five years of indices of abundance of YOY sturgeon from sampling done by ODFW with gillnets and the USGS with bottom trawls was completed. Despite obvious differences in gear sampling characteristics (e.g. one gear is actively fished, one passively fished), it appears that either gear can be used to assess relative trends in YOY white sturgeon abundance. The analyses suffered due to poor catches of YOY fish, as YOY were only captured in The Dalles Reservoir during three of the five years of comparison sampling, and during only one of four years in John Day Reservoir. However, both gears detected the presence or absence of YOY white sturgeon within a reservoir equally. That is, if any YOY white sturgeon were captured in any year in a reservoir, both gears captured at least one fish, and if one gear failed to collect any YOY white sturgeon, both gears failed. Concerns have been raised that the Wang et al. (1985) egg development relationships for Sacramento River white sturgeon may not be applicable to Columbia Basin stocks. However, using laboratory experiments with white sturgeon eggs incubated at 10, 12, 15, and 18o C, we found no significant differences in development rates of eggs of Columbia, Kootenai, Snake, and Sacramento river fish.
Passage behavior of radio-tagged yearling Chinook salmon and steelhead at Bonneville Dam, 2004: Revised for corrected spill annual report
Flow augmentation, spill, surface collection, and improved turbine guidance systems have been identified as potential management actions to improve passage efficiency and survival of outmigrating juvenile salmonids. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), along with regional, state, and federal resource agencies, has designed and implemented studies to determine which management actions would provide significant biological benefits to juvenile salmonids. From 1994 to 2004, the USACE has contracted the U.S. Geological Survey to evaluate juvenile salmonid behavior in relation to passage improvement tests at Lower Granite, John Day, The Dalles, and Bonneville Dams.