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USGS1984

Aeromagnetic, Bouguer gravity, and interpretation maps of the Sheep Hole-Cadiz Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-305), San Bernardino County, California

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Public Law 94-579, October 21, 1976) requires the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines to conduct mineral surveys on certain areas to determine their mineral resource potential. Results must be made available to the public and be submitted to the President and the Congress. These maps presents the results of a mineral survey of the Sheep Hole-Cadiz Wilderness Study Area (CDCA-305), California Desert Conservation Area, San Bernardino County, California. The U.S. Bureau of Mines conducted a mineral survey of the Sheep Hole-Cadiz Wilderness Study Area, which encompasses approximately 200,000 acres including enclosed private lands, in south-central San Bernardino County, California. The U.S. Bureau of Mines studied the mineral resources of mines, prospects, and mineralized areas; geologic, geochemical, and geophysical investigations were conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey. The study area is located in the Mojave Desert 13 miles east of Amboy, California, 20 miles east of Twentynine Palms, California, and 90 miles east of San Bernardino, and encompasses parts of the Dale Lake, Bristol Lake, Cadiz Valley and Cadiz Lake 15-minute quadrangles. Its borders are defined by the Amboy Road and a gas pipeline service road on the northwest, the unimproved Cadiz Valley access road on the east, State Route 62 along the south, and the Iron Age mine road and an unimproved powerline service road on the west. Major access from the east and west is provided by State Route 62 and access from the north is provided by the Amboy Road. Companion reports to this one describe the mineral resource potential (March and others, 1982), the geology (Howard and John, 1984), and hydrothermal alteration studies (Raines, 1983).

California↗

USGS1986

Summary geochemical maps for samples of rock, stream sediment, and nonmagnetic heavy-mineral concentrate, Pyramid Roadless Area, El Dorado County, California

The Wilderness Act (Public Law 88-577, September 3, 1964) and related acts require the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines to survey certain areas on Federal lands to determine their mineral resource potential. Results must be made available to the public and be submitted to the President and the Congress. This report presents the results of a geochemical survey of the Pyramid Roadless Area (5203) in the Eldorado National Forest and Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit, El Dorado County, California. This roadless area was classified as a further planning area during the Second Roadless Area Review and Evaluation (RARE II) by the U.S. Forest Service, January 1979. The Pyramid Roadless Area lies near the crest of the Sierra Nevada about 75 miles east of Sacramento, California. the area, which is adjacent to and almost encircles the Desolation Wilderness, encompasses approximately 31,400 acres in Eldorado National Forest and the Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit in El Dorado County, California. The area is dominated by deep rugged canyons that run eastward from the Sierra Nevada crest to Lake Tahoe basin and westward toward the Sacramento Valley. Elevations range from about 5,500 feet along Big Silver Creek on the west side of the study area to 8,895 feet at Echo Peak along the southeastern side of the roadless area. Geochemical sampling was conducted during 1982. This report summarizes the results of that investigation and provides details of the geochemical evaluation used in producing the final mineral resource assessment of the study area (Armstrong and others, 1983).

California↗

USGS1986

Geologic map of the South Jackson Mountains Wilderness Study Area, Humboldt County, Nevada

The Federal Land Policy and Management Act (Public Law 94-579, October 21, 1976) requires the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines to conduct mineral surveys on certain areas to determine their mineral values, if any, that may be present. Results must be made available to the public and be submitted to the President and the Congress. This report presents the results of a mineral survey of the South Jackson Mountains (NV-020-603) Wilderness Study Area, Humboldt County, Nevada. The South Jackson Mountains Wilderness Study Area is in south-central Humboldt County, approximately 50 miles northwest of Winnemucca, Nevada. The boundaries originally specified for the wilderness study area encompassed an area of 60,211 acres. The draft Environmental Impact Statement issued in 1983 by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) identified 20,094 acres within the wilderness study area as potentially suitable for inclusion into the National Wilderness Preservation System. Subsequent (August 27, 1984) deletions by the BLM have resulted in the present study area of approximately 10,300 acres. The boundaries of the study area are approximated by the range crestline to the east and the 4,400-ft contour along the west side of the range from King Lear Peak north to the divide between Hobo and Christiorsson Canyons.

Nevada↗

USGS1987

Industrial mineral resources of the Springfield 1 degree by 2 degrees Quadrangle, Missouri

This publication is part of a folio of maps of the Springfield 10° × 20° quadrangle, Missouri, prepared under the Conterminous United States Minera1 Assessment Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. Other publications in this folio to date include U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Maps MF-1830-A through E (Erickson and others, 1985; Whitfield, 1986; Wharton, 1987; Middendorf and others, 1987; Kisvarsanyi, 1987) and Missouri Geological Survey Open-file Report OFR85-42-MR (Martin and Pratt, 1985).

Missouri↗

USGS1989

Structure contour maps on the base of Mississippian strata and the top of upper Cambrian strata, Springfield 1 degree by 2 degrees Quadrangle, Missouri

This publication is part of a folio of maps of the Springfield 10° × 20° quadrangle, Missouri, prepared under the Conterminous United States Mineral Assessment Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. Other publications in this folio to date include U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Maps MF-1830-A through F (Erickson and others, 1985; Whitfield, 1986; Wharton, 1987; Middendorf and others, 1987; Kisvarsanyi, 1987; Rueff, 1987); U. S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 84-648 (U.S. Geological Survey, 1984); Missouri Geological Survey Open-file Maps 0FM-81-40-GI and OFM-83-159-GI (Missouri Geological Survey, 1981; Grauch and Cordell, 1983); and Missouri Geological Survey Open-file Report OFR85-42-MR (Martin and Pratt, 1985).

Missouri↗

USGS1986

Geophysical maps of the Winchester Roadless Area, Cochise County, Arizona

Arizona↗

USGS1987

Geologic map of the Three Sisters Wilderness, Deschutes, Lane, and Linn counties, Oregon

Oregon↗

USGS1992

Structure-contour maps on the top of the Mississippian carbonates and on the top of the upper Cambrian and lower Ordovician Arbuckle Group, Joplin 1° x 2° quadrangle, Kansas and Missouri

This publication is a part of the folio of maps of the Joplin 1° X 2° quadrangle, Kansas and Missouri, which was prepared under the Conterminuous United States Mineral Assessment Program. Other publications in this folio to date include the U.S. Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Maps MF-2125-A and B (Erickson and others, 1990; Grisafe and Rueff, 1992). Additional maps showing other geologic aspects of the Joplin quadrangle will be published as U.S. Geological Survey maps bearing this same serial number with different letter suffixes (MF-2125-D, -E, and so forth).

Kansas, Missouri↗

USGS1994

Revised correlation chart of coal beds, coal zones, and key stratigraphic units in the Pennsylvanian rocks of eastern Kentucky

This report revises Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-1188 (Rice and Smith, 1980). Major revisions to the original correlation chart include formal naming of key marine units in Kentucky and replacement of informally named marine units incorrectly projected into Kentucky from adjacent states. Also included in the report is the proper correlation of some regionally recognized coal bed names that have been incorrectly projected into Kentucky, particularly from Ohio and West Virginia. Besides these additions and corrections, minor changes have been made to the correlation chart, all of which are discussed below in detail. The Pennsylvania rocks of the eastern Kentucky coal field underlie an area of about 27,000 square kilometers (see index map). Largely because of the size and stratigra[hic complexity of the area, Huddle and others (1963, p. 31) divided the coal field into six coal-reserve districts. District boundaries utilize state and county line as well as geologic features, drainage areas, and coal producing areas. Their division is followed herein because, in general, each of the districts has a characteristic stratigraphic nomenclature, particularly with regard to coal bed names. The six districts are the Princess, Licking River, Big Sandy, Hazard, Southwestern, and Upper Cumberland River district is divided into the Middlesboro and Harlan subdistricts. The correlation chart lists most of the stratigraphic units of Pennsylvanian age used in eastern Kentucky, and is concerned principally with coal bed names used in publications since about 1950, especially all of the names of coal beds for which resources and reserves have been calculated. Coal constitutes only a small percentage of the total Pennsylvanian-rock sequence, but is present in as many as 26 major coal zones that have been prospected and mined extensively in all parts of the coal field since the early 1900's. Coal names listed in this chart represent coal beds that have been mined commercially or used locally by residents of the area. Not every coal bed listed under a district in the chart is found in all parts of that district, nor has every coal bed been given a name. For the sake of saving space, coal beds commonly identified as a "rider" coal bed (commonly a minor coal or split above the main bed) or as a "marker" coal bed (a minor coal below the main bed) are not included in the chart because they do not contribute to the overall stratigraphic framework of the coal field. Most of the stratigraphic units listed in the correlation chart are defined and described in detail in almost 200 geologic reports of the Geologic Quadrangle (GQ) Map Series of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). These maps were published as a result of the cooperative geological mapping program of the USGS and the Kentucky Geological Survey; which was begun in 1960 and was completed in 1978. The GQ maps, at a scale of 1:24,000, describe the lithology and local stratigraphy and identify many coal beds by noth local and regional names. Other sources of stratigraphic information and coal bed names used in the construction of the chart include USGS bulletins dealing with the coal resources of single 7.5-minute quadrangles (Englund, 1955; Adkinson, 1957; Welch, 1958; Bergin, 1962). The coal resources of eastern Kentucky as a whole have been described by Huddle and others (1963) and detailed reports on the stratigraphy and coal resources of significant areas in eastern Kentucky have been made by Huddle and Englund (1966) and Englund (1968). An additional source of coal bed names is the SEAMS database, which is jointly sponsored by the University of Kentucky Center for Applied Energy Research, the Kentucky Geological Survey, and the Kentucky Department of Mines and Minerals. The SEAMS database identifies the stratigraphic position and location of all coal beds in the eastern and the western Kentucky coal fields as well as those of bordering areas in adjacent states. The databases includes references to all coal-bed names used in Kentucky, especially those shown on coal company mine maps. Local names of coal beds in the database file that are not generally used in publications are listed in table 1 together with their regional equivalents.

Kentucky↗

USGS1982

Metalliferous mineral resource potential of the Seward and Blying Sound quadrangles, southern Alaska

This mineral potential map is the final report in a series of publications that makes up a folio on the Seward and Blying Sound quadrangles of southern Alaska. It draws on data largely presented in previous publications of the folio. The studies were undertaken as part of the Alaska Mineral Resource Assessment Program (AMRAP), a program designed to provide information for Federal, State, local, and industry decisions concerning the future uses of Alaskan lands and resources.

Alaska↗

USGS2008

Mineral Commodity Summaries 2008

Each chapter of the 2008 edition of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Commodity Summaries (MCS) includes information on events, trends, and issues for each mineral commodity as well as discussions and tabular presentations on domestic industry structure, Government programs, tariffs, 5-year salient statistics, and world production and resources. The MCS is the earliest comprehensive source of 2007 mineral production data for the world. More than 90 individual minerals and materials are covered by two-page synopses. National reserves and reserve base information for most mineral commodities found in this report, including those for the United States, are derived from a variety of sources. The ideal source of such information would be comprehensive evaluations that apply the same criteria to deposits in different geographic areas and report the results by country. In the absence of such evaluations, national reserves and reserve base estimates compiled by countries for selected mineral commodities are a primary source of national reserves and reserve base information. Lacking national assessment information by governments, sources such as academic articles, company reports, common business practice, presentations by company representatives, and trade journal articles, or a combination of these, serve as the basis for national reserves and reserve base information reported in the mineral commodity sections of this publication. A national estimate may be assembled from the following: historically reported reserves and reserve base information carried for years without alteration because no new information is available; historically reported reserves and reserve base reduced by the amount of historical production; and company reported reserves. International minerals availability studies conducted by the U.S. Bureau of Mines, before 1996, and estimates of identified resources by an international collaborative effort (the International Strategic Minerals Inventory) are the basis for some reserves and reserve base estimates. The USGS collects information about the quantity and quality of mineral resources but does not directly measure reserves, and companies or governments do not directly report reserves or reserve base to the USGS. Reassessment of reserves and reserve base is a continuing process and the intensity of this process differs for mineral commodities, countries, and time period. Abbreviations and units of measure, and definitions of selected terms used in the report, are in Appendix A and Appendix B, respectively. A resource/reserve classification for minerals, based on USGS Circular 831 (published with the U.S. Bureau of Mines) is Appendix C, and a directory of USGS minerals information country specialists and their responsibilities is Appendix D. The USGS continually strives to improve the value of its publications to users. Constructive comments and suggestions by readers of the MCS 2008 are welcomed.

Mineral Commodity Summaries↗

USGS2000

Possible costs associated with investigating and mitigating geologic gazards in rural areas of western San Mateo County, California

This publication consists of a digital map database on a geohazards web site, http://kaibab.wr.usgs.gov/geohazweb/intro.htm, this text, and 43 digital map images available for downloading at this site. The report is stored as several digital files, in ARC export (uncompressed) format for the database, and Postscript and PDF formats for the map images. Several of the source data layers for the images have already been released in other publications by the USGS and are available for downloading on the Internet. These source layers are not included in this digital database, but rather a reference is given for the web site where the data can be found in digital format. The exported ARC coverages and grids lie in UTM zone 10 projection. The pamphlet, which only describes the content and character of the digital map database, is included as Postscript, PDF, and ASCII text files and is also available on paper as USGS Open-File Report 00-127. The full versatility of the spatial database is realized by importing the ARC export files into ARC/INFO or an equivalent GIS. Other GIS packages, including MapInfo and ARCVIEW, can also use the ARC export files. The Postscript map image can be used for viewing or plotting in computer systems with sufficient capacity, and the considerably smaller PDF image files can be viewed or plotted in full or in part from Adobe ACROBAT software running on Macintosh, PC, or UNIX platforms.

California↗

USGS2000

Bibliography of literature from 1990-1997 pertaining to Holocene and fumarolic Pleistocene volcanoes of Alaska, Canada, and the conterminous United States

The 1980's and 1990's were marked by frequent worldwide destructive volcanic eruptions. Significant loss of life and property during eruptions, and extensive media coverage of volcanic events around the globe have brought volcanic processes and hazards increasingly to the forefront of scientific, governmental, and public attention (e.g., Casadevall, 1994; Pringle, 1994). A result of these circumstances has been an increasing number of scientific and popular publications dealing with active volcanism. The purpose of this bibliography is to provide a comprehensive source of literature published between 1990 and 1997 relevant to all of the Holocene and fumarolic Pleistocene volcanoes in Alaska, the conterminous United States, and Canada. The period between 1990 and 1997 was chosen for two reasons. First, it was necessary to define a precise period of time to keep the work tractable. Second, research for this project began during the summer of 1996 and lasted through 1998, with minor additions into 1999. Thus, 1997 was chosen as the younger cut-off and 1990 for the older cut-off. Literature pertaining to Hawaiian volcanoes has been assembled into a database maintained by the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (Wright and Takahashi, 1984; Wright and Takahashi, 1998) and has been excluded from this work. We hope that this work will be useful in three ways. First, researchers interested in a specific volcano can use the search capability of the electronic version to readily find literature relevant to their work or determine what aspects of the volcano are in need of study. Second, references cited within the included references are guides to older literature. Third, during times of volcanic crisis this reference list can save time for responding scientists.

Open-File Report↗

USGS2000

Surface Water Quality-Assurance Plan for the North Florida Program Office of the U.S. Geological Survey

The U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, has a policy that requires each District office to prepare a Surface Water Quality-Assurance Plan. The plan for each District describes the policies and procedures that ensure high quality in the collection, processing, analysis, computer storage, and publication of surface-water data. The North Florida Program Office Surface Water Quality-Assurance Plan documents the standards, policies, and procedures used by the North Florida Program office for activities related to the collection, processing, storage, analysis, and publication of surface-water data.

Open-File Report↗

USGS2000

Hydrologic data for water years 1933-97 used in the River and Reservoir Operations Model, Truckee River basin, California and Nevada

Title II of Public Law 101-618, the Truckee?Carson?Pyramid Lake Water Rights Settlement Act of 1990, provides direction, authority, and a mechanism for resolving conflicts over water rights in the Truckee and Carson River Basins. The Truckee Carson Program of the U.S. Geological Survey, to support implementation of Public Law 101-618, has developed an operations model to simulate lake/reservoir and river operations for the Truckee River Basin including diversion of Truckee River water to the Truckee Canal for transport to the Carson River Basin. Several types of hydrologic data, formatted in a chronological order with a daily time interval called 'time series,' are described in this report. Time series from water years 1933 to 1997 can be used to run the operations model. Auxiliary hydrologic data not currently used by the model are also described. The time series of hydrologic data consist of flow, lake/reservoir elevation and storage, precipitation, evaporation, evapotranspiration, municipal and industrial (M&I) demand, and streamflow and lake/reservoir level forecast data.

Open-File Report↗

USGS2002

Water-quality monitoring and studies of the formation and fate of trihalomethanes during the third injection, storage and recovery test at Lancaster, Antelope Valley, California, March 1998 through April 1999

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Los Angeles County Department of Public Works and the Antelope Valley-East Kern Water Agency, conducted three cycles of injection, storage, and recovery tests to evaluate the feasibility of artificially recharging ground water in the Lancaster area of Antelope Valley, California. During the third cycle (March 1998 through April 1999), the tests included investigations of the formation and fate of trihalomethanes in the aquifer. Trihalomethanes are disinfection by-products formed by reaction between natural dissolved organic carbon that is present in water and chlorine that is added during the drinking-water-treatment process. This report includes a discussion of the design of the investigation; descriptions of the sampling, analytical, and experimental methods used in the investigation; and a presentation of the data collected. During the third cycle, 60 million gallons of chlorinated water was injected into the aquifer through well 7N/12W-27P2 in the Los Angeles County Department of Public Works well field in Lancaster between April 15 and June 16, 1998. One hundred fifty million gallons of water was extracted from the same well between June 30, 1998, and April 29, 1999. Water-quality samples were collected during the entire cycle from the well and from a nearby set of nested piezometers, and were analyzed for residual chlorine, dissolved organic carbon, trihalomethane, major anion, and dissolved solid concentrations; ultraviolet absorbance spectra; and a number of field water-quality parameters. A statistical analysis was done to evaluate the analytical precision of the residual chlorine, dissolved organic carbon, trihalomethane, and ultraviolet absorbance measurements on these samples. The formation of trihalomethanes in the injection water was examined in laboratory experiments: Trihalomethane concentrations in samples of injection water were monitored during a storage period, and trihalomethane formation potential in the presence of excess chlorine was measured. The role of mixing between injection water and ground water and the conservative or non-conservative behavior of trihalomethanes was studied by adding a conservative tracer, sulfur hexafluoride, to the injection water and monitoring its concentration in the extraction water. The potential for biodegradation of trihalomethanes by aquifer bacteria was assessed in laboratory experiments: Microcosms containing ground water or extraction water and sediment or concentrated bacteria were spiked with trihalomethanes, and the amount of trihalomethanes was monitored during an incubation period. The potential for sorption of trihalomethanes to aquifer sediments was assessed in laboratory experiments: Mixtures of sediment and water were spiked with trihalomethanes, and then the trihalomethane concentrations were measured after an equilibration period.

Open-File Report↗

USGS2002

Porphyry copper deposits of the world: Database, maps, and preliminary analysis

Mineral deposit models are important in exploration planning and quantitative resource assessments for two reasons: (1) grades and tonnages among deposit types are significantly different, and (2) many types occur in different geologic settings that can be identified from geologic maps. Mineral deposit models are the keystone in combining the diverse geoscience information on geology, mineral occurrences, geophysics, and geochemistry used in resource assessments and mineral exploration. Far too few thoroughly explored mineral deposits are available in most local areas for reliable identification of the important geoscience variables or for robust estimation of undiscovered deposits—thus we need mineral-deposit models. Globally based deposit models, such as those presented here, allow recognition of important features because the global models demonstrate how common different features are. Well-designed and -constructed deposit models allow geologists to know from observed geologic environments the possible mineral deposit types that might exist, and allow economists to determine the possible economic viability of these resources in the region. Thus, mineral deposit models play the central role in transforming geoscience information to a form useful to policy makers. The foundation of mineral deposit models is information about known deposits—the purpose of this publication is to make this kind of information available in digital form for a group of porphyry copper deposits. This publication contains a computer file of information on porphyry copper deposits around the world. It also presents new grade and tonnage models for three subtypes of porphyry copper deposits, maps showing locations and general ages of these deposits, and a preliminary analysis with a number of figures summarizing many of the properties of these porphyry-style deposits. These summaries can be considered a new, quantified, form of most parts of descriptive models such as those in Cox and Singer (1986). The value of this information and analyses depends critically on the consistent manner of data gathering. For this reason, we first discuss the rules used in this compilation. Next the fields of the data file are considered. Finally, we discuss some of the things that can be done with the data.

Open-File Report↗

USGS2002

Digital version of "Open-File Report 92-181: Geologic map of the Indian Spring quadrangle, San Bernardino County, California"

This is a digital map database version of a previous printed geologic map, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 92–181. The original paper map has been faithfully reproduced as a geologic map database for use in a GIS, and thus does not contain updated geologic information for the map area. This publication consists of three parts: Documentation in the form of a this publication's Open File text, or readme, describing the digital data, how to obtain it, as well as the original map explanation pamphlet. The documentation also consists of FGDC metadata, and a file describing any revisions to the data in this report. All of the documentaion components are available in a variety of file formats. Three Arc/Info (ESRI) formatted coverages of the geologic database, distributed in Arc Interchange (e00) format. The spatial databases in this component of the report consist vector-based GIS datasets that represent geologic contacts, faults, map units, and volcanic vents in the study area, as well as localities of K/Ar samples discussed in the original report, and geologic structure measurements. Plottable map representations of the database at 1:24,000 scale in PostScript and Adobe PDF formats. The plottable files consist of a color geologic map derived from the spatial database, composited with a topographic base map in the form of the USGS Digital Raster Graphic for the map area. Color symbology from each of these datasets is maintained, which can cause plot file sizes to be large.

California↗

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