Real-time assessments of water quality—A nowcast for Escherichia coli and cyanobacterial toxins

Abstract

Threats to our recreational and drinking waters include disease-causing (pathogenic) organisms from fecal contamination and toxins produced by some species of cyanobacteria (cyanotoxins) that can cause acute and (or) chronic illnesses. Because traditional laboratory methods for detecting these threats take too long for prompt public health protection, tools for real-time assessments are needed to protect public health. To address this need, the U.S. Geological Survey is collaborating with State and local partners to develop models that provide real-time estimates of Escherichia coli ( E . coli ) (for pathogens) and (or) microcystin (for freshwater cyanotoxins) levels at inland and Great Lakes beaches and drinking-water intakes. Model results are then used to inform the public of water-quality conditions in near-real time through the Great Lakes NowCast ( https://ny.water.usgs.gov/maps/nowcast/ ). Behind the scenes, the NowCast provides speed and efficiency for managers by automating data management and standardizing methods among agencies.