SARS-CoV-2 utilization of ACE2 from different bat species allows for virus entry and replication in vitro

Kelsey Briggs; Ryan Sweeney; David S. Blehert; Erica Spackman; David L. Suarez; Darrel Kapczynski

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2023.07.002

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SARS-CoV-2 utilization of ACE2 from different bat species allows for virus entry and replication in vitro

Kelsey Briggs·Ryan Sweeney·David S. Blehert·Erica Spackman·David L. Suarez·Darrel Kapczynski

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Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is believed to have a zoonotic origin with bats suspected as a natural host. In this work, we individually express the ACE2 of seven bat species including, little brown, great roundleaf, Pearson's horseshoe, greater horseshoe, Brazilian free-tailed, Egyptian rousette, and Chinese rufous horseshoe in DF1 cells and determine their ability to support attachment and replication of SARS-CoV-2 viruses. We demonstrate that the ACE2 receptor of all seven species made DF1 cells permissible to SARS-CoV-2. The level of virus replication differed between bat species and variants tested. The Wuhan lineage SARS-CoV-2 virus replicated to higher titers than either variant virus tested. All viruses tested grew to higher titers in cells expressing the human ACE2 gene compared to a bat ACE2. This study provides a practical in vitro method for further testing of animal species for potential susceptibility to current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 viruses.

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Kelsey Briggs, Ryan Sweeney, David S. Blehert, Erica Spackman, David L. Suarez, Darrel Kapczynski. 2023. SARS-CoV-2 utilization of ACE2 from different bat species allows for virus entry and replication in vitro. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2023.07.002

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