Changes in surface temperature at Taal Volcano, Philippines 1965-1966

Abstract

Taal Volcano erupted in September 1965 ending a dormant period of 54 years. A quiescent interval of 9 months followed, terminated by new eruptions in July 1966 at the same site. Aerial surveys with a scanning infrared radiometer were made at three periods during the quiescent interval and twice following the July 1966 eruption. The survey technique yields a quasiphotographic image of the radiant temperature of the volcanic terrain. Results indicate that the principal changes in surface temperature stemmed from changes in convective heat transfer by hydrothermal fluids. New hot springs developed along the structurally-controlled northwest and southeast flanks of the 1965 explosion crater. The northwest spring grew in size prior to the 1966 eruption, persisted through that eruption and has since maintained its discharge. The 1965 cinder cone meanwhile showed a persistent rim of hydrothermal activity with some shift in position of maximum discharge. The July 1966 eruptions took place on the rim about midway between two positions of maximum discharge.