Physical and biological factors influencing environmental sources of fecal indicator bacteria in surface water

Richard L. Whitman; Meredith B. Nevers; Katarzyna Przybyla-Kelly; Muruleedhara N. Byappanahalli

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USGS · 70042231

Physical and biological factors influencing environmental sources of fecal indicator bacteria in surface water

Richard L. Whitman·Meredith B. Nevers·Katarzyna Przybyla-Kelly·Muruleedhara N. Byappanahalli

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Abstract

This paper describes the environmental populations of faecal indicator bacteria, and the processes by which these populations become nonpoint sources and influence nearshore water quality. The different possible sources of these indicator bacteria are presented. These include groundwater, springs and seeps, aquatic sediments, beach sand, birds, Cladophora and plant wrack. Also discussed are the environmental factors (moisture, sunlight, temperature and salinity) influencing their survival.

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Richard L. Whitman, Meredith B. Nevers, Katarzyna Przybyla-Kelly, Muruleedhara N. Byappanahalli. 2011. Physical and biological factors influencing environmental sources of fecal indicator bacteria in surface water. https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70042231

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