The Water Resources Division of the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with State agencies, obtains a large amount of data pertaining to the water resources of Virginia each water year. These data, accumulated during many water years, constitute a valuable data base for developing an improved understanding of the water resources of the State. To make these data readily available to interested parties outside the Geological Survey, the data are published annually in this report series entitled "Water Resources Data - Virginia."

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USGS1993

Water Resources Data, Virginia, Water Year 1992. Volume 2: Ground-Water Level and Ground-Water Quality Records

Water - resources data for the 1992 water year for Virginia consist of records of water levels and water quality of ground - water wells. This report (Volume 2. Ground - Water - Level and Ground-Water-Quality Records) contains water levels at 356 observation wells and water quality at 2 wells. Locations of these wells are shown on figures 4, 5, 6, and 7. The data in this report represent that part of the National Water Data System collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and cooperating State and Federal agencies in Virginia.

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USGS1993

Quality of ground water in the coastal plain physiographic province of Virginia

No abstract available.

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USGS1993

Hydraulic characteristics of, and ground-water flow in, coal-bearing rocks of southwestern Virginia

This report presents the results of a study by the U.S Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Virginia Department of Mines, Minerals, and Energy, Division of Mined Land Reclamation, and the Powell River Project, to describe the hydraulic characteristics of major water-bearing zones in the coal-bearing rocks of southwestern Virginia and to develop a conceptual model of the ground-water-flow system. Aquifer testing in1987 and 1988 of 9-ft intervals in coal-exploration coreholes indicates that transmissivity decreases with increasing depth. Most rock types are permeable to a depth of approximately 100 ft; however, only coal seams are consistently permeable (transmissivity greater than 0.001 ft/d) at depths greater than 200 ft . Constant-head injection testing of rock intervals adjacent to coal seams usually indicated lower values of transmissivity than those values obtained when coal seams were isolated within the test interval; thus, large values of horizontal hydraulic conductivity at depth are associated with coal seams. Potentiometric-head measurements indicate that high topographic areas (ridges) function as recharge areas; water infiltrates through the surface, percolates into regolith, and flows downward and laterally through fractures in the shallow bedrock. Hydraulic conductivity decreases with increasing depth, and ground water flows primarily in the lateral direction along fractures or bedding planes or through coal seams. If vertical hydraulic conductivity is negligible, ground water continues to flow laterally, discharging as springs or seeps on hill slopes. Where vertical hydraulic conductivity is appreciable, groundwater follows a stair step path through the regolith, fractures, bedding planes, and coal seams, discharging to streams and (or) recharging coal seams at depth. Permeable coal seams probably underlie valleys in the region; however, aquifer-test data indicate that the horizontal hydraulic conductivity of coal is a function of depth and probably decreases under ridges because of increased overburden pressures. Ground water beneath valleys that does not discharge to streams probably flows down gradient as underflow beneath the streams. Topographic relief in the area provides large hydraulic-head differences (greater than 300 ft in some instances) for the ground-water-flow system. Transmissivity data from the range of depths tested during this study indicate that most ground-water flow takes place at moderate depths (less than 300 ft) and that little deep regional ground-water flow occurs.

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USGS1992

Hydrogeology and analysis of the ground-water-flow system of the Eastern Shore, Virginia

No abstract available.

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USGS1992

Water resources data, Virginia, water year 1991; Volume 1. Surface water and surface-water quality records

Virginia↗

USGS1991

Reproductive biology and fish hosts of the Tennessee clubshell Pleurobema oviforme (Mollusca: Unionidae) in Virginia

The reproductive cycle and fish hosts of the freshwater mussel Pleurobema oviforme were determined during a 14-mo study (1979-1980) in Big Moccasin Creek, southwestern Virginia. Histological sectioning of mussel gonads collected throughout the year showed that gametogenesis for both sexes began in late spring and continued into early autumn; fertilization began in late March. Glochidial development in the outer gills of females required 3-5 wk. Judged by biweekly samples of stream drift, glochidia were released from mid-April through July. Six species of cyprinids, collected between May and September 1979, were naturally infested with amblemine glochidia. Induced infestations of putative fish hosts in the laboratory confirmed five host species: whitetail shiner ( Notropis galacturus ), common shiner ( N. cornutus ), river chub ( Nocomis micropogon ), stoneroller ( Campostoma anomalum ) and fantail darter ( Etheostoma flabellare ).

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USGS1991

Coal resources of Tazewell County, Virginia, 1980

Economically important coal beds of Pennsylvanian age underlie about 96 square miles in the northwestern part of Tazewell County in the southwestern Virginia coal field. Coal in Tazewell County ranges in rank from low-volatile to high-volatile A bituminous and generally increases in rank with depth. On an as-received basis, most of the coal is relatively low in ash and high in heat value. Analyses of trace element and major and minor oxide composition of 22 coal beds in Tazewell County indicate that none of the samples contain significant amounts of either potentially toxic or economically valuable trace elements. Of 60 coal beds in Tazewell County, 37 beds are of sufficient thickness and extent to merit calculation of resources.

Virginia↗

USGS1991