Geology topics
Research about Missouri
Source-linked reports with geographic coverage including Missouri.
Summary geochemical and generalized geologic maps of the Springfield 1° x 2° quadrangle and adjacent area, Missouri
No abstract available.
Water resources data, Missouri, water year 1984
Water resources data for the 1984 water year for Missouri consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; contains records for water discharge at 112 gaging stations; stage and contents at 9 lakes and reservoirs; water quality at 71 sampling stations (including 1 lake) and data for 35 crest-stage stations.
Water resources of the southeast lowlands, Missouri; with a section on water quality
The Southeast Lowlands of Missouri occupies 4,000 square miles of prime agricultural land of the Coastal Plain in the extreme southeastern corner of Missouri. Even though this area receives about 4 feet of rainfall per year, there is a rapidly increasing demand for water for irrigation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the water resources of this area with particular emphasis on the extent of irrigation and the potential of the groundwater system to support further irrigation development. The area is underlain by consolidated aquifers of Paleozoic age and unconsolidated aquifers of Mesozoic and Cenozoic age. The consolidated aquifers, although possessing the potential to yield large quantities of water, generally are not used throughout much of the area because they lie at considerable death and alternate supplies are readily available. The McNairy aquifer, which underlies about three-fourths of the area, ranges from 0 to 600 feet in thickness with the top lying from 0 to more than 2,200 feet below land surface. This system is attractive as a municipal water supply because of its large artesian head and the small iron and hardness concentrations of the water. Although this system is now used exclusively for municipal water supplies, the McNairy may become more important in the future as a heat source. The Wilcox Group (undivided), which underlies more than one-half of the area and almost always lies less than 300 feet below land surface, is as much as 1,400 feet thick. However, usually only the basal 250 to 500 feet of this group is used as an aquifer. This system, which in some areas is capable of yielding as much as 1,500 gallons per minute to properly constructed wells, is now primarily used for municipal supplies. The alluvial aquifer underlies most of the area and is locally capable of yielding more than 3,000 gallons per minute. This aquifer generally is 100 to 200 feet thick, but in several places more than 250 feet of alluvium has been reported. Irrigation wells withdraw an estimated 95,000 acre-feet per year from this aquifer, whereas municipal, industrial, and domestic wells withdraw an estimated additional 17,000 acre-feet per year. This compares to nearly 6 million acre-feet per year natural discharge and a total storage of 60 million acre feet. The surface-water system in the area consists of a few natural rivers and many manmade ditches. Although a considerable quantity of water is available from the surface-water system, this system is not extensively used because attractive alternative sources are readily available.
Water-quality assessment and wastewater-management alternatives for Dardenne Creek in St. Charles County, Missouri
The quality of water in the 15 mile downstream reach of Dardenne Creek in St. Charles County, Missouri, was assessed to determine if it met the Missouri water quality standards. Concentrations of dissolved oxygen and total ammonia failed to meet water quality standards downstream from the Harvester-Dardenne and St. Peters Wastewater-Treatment Plants. The QUAL-II SEMCOG water quality model was calibrated and verified using two independent data sets from Dardenne Creek. Management alternatives using current, design capacity, and future expansion wastewater discharges from the St. Peters Wastewater-Treatment Plant were evaluated. Results of the computer simulation indicate that a nitrification-type advanced-treatment facility installed at the plant would produce a 5-day carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand of 10 mg/L. An effluent limit of 5.0 mg/L of 5-day carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand would further improve the water quality of Dardenne Creek; however, an additional treatment process, such as sand filtration, would be needed to meet this criterion.
Refuge management analyses: water management alternatives at Squaw Creek National Wildlife Refuge
No abstract available.
Bioavailability of Pb and Zn from mine tailings as indicated by erythrocyte aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) activity in suckers (Pisces: catostomidae)
The activity of the erythrocyte enzyme δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D) was measured in 35 catostomids (black redhorse, Moxostoma duquesnei ; golden redhorse, M . erythrurum ; northern hogsucker, Hypentelium nigricans ) collected from three sites on a stream contaminated with Pb-, Cd-, and Zn-rich mine tailings and from an uncontaminated site upstream. Enzyme activity was expressed in terms of hemoglobin (Hb), DNA, and protein concentrations; these variables can be determined in the laboratory on once-frozen blood samples. Concentrations of Pb and Zn in blood and of Pb in edible tissues were significantly higher, and ALA-D activity was significantly lower, at all three contaminated sites than upstream. At the most contaminated site, ALA-D activity was 62–67% lower than upstream. Lead concentrations in the edible tissues and in blood were positively correlated ( r = 0.80), whereas ALA-D activity was negatively correlated with Pb in blood ( r = −0.70) and in edible tissues ( r = −0.59). Five statistically significant relations between Pb and Zn in blood and ALA-D activity were determined. The two models that explained the highest percentage (> 74%) of the total variance also included factors related to Hb concentration. All five significant models included negative coefficients for variables that represented Pb in blood and positive coefficients for Zn in blood. The ALA-D assay with results standardized to Hb concentration represents an expedient alternative to the more traditional hematocrit standardization, and the measurement of ALA-D activity by this method can be used to document exposure of fish to environmental Pb.
Water resources data, Missouri, water year 1983
Water resources data for the 1983 water year for Missouri consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; contains records for water discharge at 110 gaging stations; stage and contents at 9 lakes and reservoirs; water quality at 24 gaging stations (including 1 lake) and data for 35 crest-stage, and 30 water-quality partial record stations.
Refuge management analyses: levee alternatives at Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge
This report documents the results of a workshop that examined levee alternatives at Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge. This refuge is located along the Mississippi River, approximately 50 miles north of St. Louis. It was purchased primarily for waterfowl maintenance. A levee providing flood protection from the Mississippi River has broken four times since the Refuge was acquired in 1965. A number of alternatives have been proposed in response to the most recent break in 1983. Long term alternatives considered at the workshop included: Improve the existing levee by raising the height approximately 2 ft. Improve the existing levee by raising the height approximately 2 ft. Maintain the levee at a lower elevation by including a spillway about 3 ft lower than the existing levee height. Do not maintain a levee so that the Refuge will flood directly with river stage. Repair of the major breaks in the levee, but not the more general wave damage, was considered as a short term alternative. Participants first specified the habitats and management controls desired at Clarence Cannon National Wildlife Refuge. These were centered around attaining the maximum feasible development and management of moist soil units. Levee alternatives were evaluated in terms of their ability to provide the desired habitats and management controls. Preliminary cost estimates were prepared for each alternative, and the qualitative consequences of each alternative identified for the full set of outputs from the Refuge Master Plan. The alternative of improving the existing levee by raising the height was unanimously preferred on purely “biological” grounds (with cost not considered). Repairing the levee with no change in elevation was unanimously selected as the most cost effective alternative.
Mineral-resource appraisal of the Rolla 1° x 2° quadrangle, Missouri, as of September 1980- A nontechnical summary
No abstract available.
Water resources data, Missouri, water year 1982
Water resources data for the 1982 water year for Missouri consist of records of stage, discharge, and water quality of lakes and reservoirs; contains records for water discharge at 112 gaging stations; stage and contents at 9 lakes and reservoirs; water quality at 30 gaging stations (including 1 lake) and data for 47 crest-stage, and 17 water-quality partial record stations.
Barium content in drill holes in the Rolla 1° x 2° quadrangle, Missouri
No abstract available.
Mines, prospects, and occurrences of metallic minerals in the Rolla 1° x 2° quadrangle, Missouri
No abstract available.
Mineral resource potential map of the Bell Mountain Wilderness Study Area, Iron County, Missouri
Under the provisions of the Wilderness Act (Public Law 88-577, September 3, 1964) and the Joint Conference Report on Senate Bill 4, 88th Congress, the U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Bureau of Mines have been conducting mineral surveys of wilderness and primitive areas. Areas officially designated as "wilderness," "wild," or "canoe" when the Act was passed were incorporated into the National Wilderness Preservation System, and some of them are presently being studied. The Act provided that areas under consideration for wilderness designation should be studied for suitability for incorporation into the Wilderness System. The mineral surveys constitute one aspect of the suitability studies. This report discusses the results of a mineral survey of some national forest lands in the Bell Mountain Wilderness Study Area, Iron County, Missouri.
Geologic, geochemical, and geophysical maps of the Rock Pile Mountain Wilderness study area, Madison County, Missouri
No abstract available.