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Research about Kansas

Source-linked reports with geographic coverage including Kansas.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
USGS1969

Chemical composition of selected Kansas brines as an aid to interpreting change in water chemistry with depth

Chemical analyses of approximately 1,881 samples of water from selected Kansas brines define the variations of water chemistry with depth and aquifer age. The most concentrated brines are found in the Permian rocks which occupy the intermediate section of the geologic column of this area. Salinity decreases below the Permian until the Ordovician (Arbuckle) horizon is reached and then increases until the Precambrian basement rocks are reached. Chemically, the petroleum brines studied in this small area fit the generally accepted pattern of an increase in calcium, sodium and chloride content with increasing salinity. They do not fit the often-predicted trend of increases in the calcium to chloride ratio, calcium content and salinity with depth and geologic age. The calcium to chloride ratio tends to be asymptotic to about 0.2 with increasing chloride content. Sulfate tends to decrease with increasing calcium content. Bicarbonate content is relatively constant with depth. If many of the hypotheses concerning the chemistry of petroleum brines are valid, then the brines studied are anomolous. An alternative lies in accepting the thesis that exceptions to these hypotheses are rapidly becoming the rule and that indeed we still do not have a valid and general hypothesis to explain the origin and chemistry of petroleum brines.

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USGS1969

Finney County Basic Data

This open-file report contains basic data on measurements and chemical analyses of ground water, logs of test holes, and summary information on selected logs for Finney County, Kans.

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USGS1967

Kansas River, Bonner Springs to mouth - Degradation of channel

This report has been prepared at the request of the Kansas Water Resources Board under provisions of a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey dated July 1, 1966, for water-resources investigations. The Kansas Water Resources Board has been advised of a recent serious degradation of the low-water channel of the lower Kansas River below Bonner Springs and has requested information on the following: (1) magnitude of change in regimen of the stream, (2) causes for the change including sand removal, change in sediment load, or change in the regimen of the Missouri River downstream, and (3) future change. The requested information, presented herein, is based on the streamflow, stage, and sediment data collected by the U.S. Geological Survey; stage, sediment, and profile data collected by the U.S. Corps of Engineers; and sand removal data provided by the State of Kansas. -Photographs of the reach are shown in plates 1 and 2, and locations of the various features are shown in figure 1.

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USGS1966

Preliminary flood-frequency relations for small streams in Kansas

Preliminary flood-frequency relations have been defined for small streams in Kansas for floods having recurrence intervals not greater than 10 years. The defined relations will be useful for the design of culverts and other hydraulic structures. The relations are expressed in terms of basin characteristics. Peakflow records at 95 sites in Kansas for an 8-year period provided the basic data. The records were analyzed with respect to 20 basin characteristics by multiple-regression techniques. The resulting formulas relate flood magnitude and frequency to size of contributing drainage area, an index of stream-bed slope, and the average number of days per year when rainfall exceeded 1.0 inch. The other 17 factors had no statistical significance. To illustrate a typical application of the flood-frequency relation, a step-bystep method is presented for computing a frequency curve for Rock Creek near Meriden, Kans. The frequency curve shows that a peak discharge of 3,620 cfs (cubic feet per second) can be expected once every 10 years on the average, and that the 67 percent confidence interval ranges from 1,820 cfs to 7,230 cfs. The large range results from the fact that only 8 years of record have been collected and emphasizes the need for collecting records for a longer period.

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USGS1958

History of natural flows--Kansas River

Through its Water Resources Division, the United States Geological Survey has become the major water-resources historian for the nation. The Geological Survey's collection of streamflow records in Kansas began on a very small scale in 1895 in response to some early irrigation interest, Since that time the program has grown, and we now have about 21 350 station-years of record accumulated. A station-year of record is defined as a continuous record of flow collected at a fixed point for a period of one year. Volume of data at hand, however, is not in itself an, adequate measure of its usefullness. An important element in historical streamflow data which enhances its value as a tool for the prediction of the future is the length of continuous records available in the area being studied. The records should be of sufficient length that they may be regarded as a reasonable sample of what has gone before and may be expected in the future. Table 1 gives a graphical inventory of the available streamflow records in Kansas. It shows that, in general, there is a fair coverage of stations with records of about thirty-seven years in length, This is not a long period as history goes but it does include considerable experience with floods and droughts. Although a large quantity of data on Kansas streamflow has been accumulated, hydrologists and planning engineers find that stream flow information for many areas of the State is considerably less than adequate. The problem of obtaining adequate coverage has been given careful study by the Kansas Water Resources Board in cooperation with the U. S. Geological Survey and a report entitled "Development of A Balanced Stream-Gaging Program For Kansas", has been published by the Board as Bulletin No. 4, That report presents an analysis of the existing stream-gaging program and recommendations for a program to meet the rapidly expanding needs for more comprehensive basic data. The Kansas River is formed near Junction City, Kansas, by the confluence of the Smoky Hill and Republican Rivers, From that point the river flows eastward about 175 miles to Kansas City where it empties into the Missouri River. The basic history of its natural flow can be depicted in general by the records from three gaging stations. The one at Bonner Springs, about 21 miles upstream from the mouth, may be considered as representing the total outflow from the basin; the one at Ogden, about 8 miles downstream from the confluence of the Smoky Hill and Republican Rivers, may be considered as representing the combined contribution of those streams to the Kansas River flow; and the one at Topeka, being only about 16 river miles nearer to Ogden than to Bonner Springs, may be considered as representing flows at the mid-point along the river.

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USGS1956

Ground-water data collected in the Missouri River basin units in Kansas during 1955

Ground-water studies in the Missouri River Basin were begun by the United States Geological Survey during the fall of 1945 as a part of the program for development of the resources of the basin by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and other Federal Agencies. The studies of the ground-water resources in the part of Kansas that lies within the Basin have been coordinated with the cooperative program of ground-water studies already being carried on in Kansas by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Kansas State Geological Survey, the Division of Sanitation of the Kansas State Board of Health, and the Division of Water Resources of the Kansas State Board of Agriculture. Areas in which ground-water data have been and are being collected are the following: Almena Unit in Norton and Phillips Counties; the Bostwick Unit in Jewell, Republic, and Cloud Counties; the Cedar Bluff Unit in Ellis, Rush, and Trego Counties; the Glen Elder Unit in Mitchell County; Kanopolis unit in Ellsworth, McPherson, and Saline Counties; Kirwin unit in Phillips, Smith, and Osborne Counties; St. Francis unit in Cheyenne County ; the Webster Unit in Osborne County; and the Wilson Unit in Lincoln County. Data relating to the Ladder Creek project in Greeley, Gove, Lane, Logan, Scott, Wallace, and Wichita Counties will be published later in a separate report. This report is the ninth of a series of annual reports on ground-water in the nine above-named units in Kansas and contains the data collected during 1955. The first report of the series contained the data collected prior to and through 1947. An index to the data contained in this and previous reports is given in table 1.

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USGS1955

Ground-water data collected in the Missouri River basin units in Kansas during 1954

Ground-water studies in the Missouri River Basin were begun by the United States Geological Survey during the fall of 1945 as a part of the program for development of the resources of the basin by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation and other Federal Agencies. The studies of the ground-water resources in the part of Kansas that lies within the Basin have been coordinated with the cooperative program of ground-water studies already being made in Kansas by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Kansas State Geological Survey, the Division of Sanitation of the Kansas State Board of Health, and the Division of Water Resources of the Kansas State Board of Agriculture. Areas in which ground-water data have been and are being collected are the following: the Almena Unit in Norton and Phillips Counties; the Bostwick Unit in Jewell, Republic, and Cloud Counties; the Cedar Bluff Unit in Ellis, Rush, and Trego Counties; the Glen Elder Unit in Mitchell County; Kanopolis unit in Ellsworth, McPherson, and Saline Counties; Kirwin unit in Phillips, Smith, and Osborne Counties; St. Francis unit in Cheyenne County; the Webster Unit in Osborne County; and the Wilson Unit in Lincoln County. Data relating to the Ladder Creek project in Greeley, Gove, Lane, Logan, Scott, Wallace, and Wichita Counties will be published later in a separate report. This report is the eighth of a series of annual reports on ground-water in the above-named units in Kansas and contains the data collected during 1954. The first report of the series contained the data collected prior to and through 1947. An index to the data contained in this and previous reports is given in table 1.

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USGS1954

Ground-water data collected in the Missouri River basin units in Kansas during 1953

Ground-water studies in the Missouri River basin were begun by the United States Geological Survey during the fall of 1945 as a part of a program for the development of the resources of the basin by the United States Bureau of Reclamation and other Federal Agencies. The studies of the ground-water resources in the part of Kansas that lies within the Missouri River basin have been coordinated with the cooperative program of ground water studies which were already being made in Kansas by the U. S. Geological Survey, the State Geological Survey of Kansas, the Division of Sanitation of the Kansas State Board of Health, and the Division of Water Resources of the Kansas State Board of Agriculture. Areas in which ground-water data have been and are being collected are the following: Almena unit in Norton and Phillips Counties; Bostwick unit in Jewell, Republic, and Cloud Counties; Cedar Bluff unit in Ellis, Rush, and Trego Counties; Glen Elder unit in Mitchell County; Kanopolis unit in Ellsworth, McPherson, and Saline Counties; Kirwin unit in Phillips, Smiths and Osborne Counties; St. Francis unit in Cheyenne County; Webster unit in Osborne County; and Wilson unit in Lincoln County. (See fig. 1.) Data relating to the Ladder Creek project in Greeley, Gove, Lane, Logan, Scott, Wallace, and Wichita Counties will be published later in a separate report.

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