USGS Science⌕ Search

Geology topics

P. K. Theobald

Publications and source records attributed to P. K. Theobald.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

Geochemical maps of Samrah and vicinity, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Geochemical maps of Samrah and vicinity, near Ad Dawadimi, display anomalies for the ore metals over each of the major ancient mining sites, a large contamination anomaly over the ancient ore-processing waste, and less-well defined anomalies parallel to mineralized structures. Zirconium and lanthanum display negative anomalies over altered rocks, do not display the contamination anomaly, and, for zirconium, identify the west workings at Samrah as the site of most intense alteration.

Open-File Report↗

Al Kushaymiyah as a target for a Colorado-type molybdenite deposit

The granitic complex in the vicinity of Al Kushaymiyah was singled out by Whitlow (19,69, 1969a, 1971), as one of the most promising areas for exploration in the Southern Wajd quadrangle (Jackson and others, 1962). He noted in particular the intensity of shattering and silicification of these potassium-rich granites, and the presence of unusual concentrations of tungsten , molybdenum, and tin in samples from the area. In the light of shield-wide compilations, this area again stands out as the principal geochemical anomaly for the three metals. The similarity of these unusual geologic and geochemical features to those of Colorado-type molybdenite deposits is striking and suggests that the Al Kushaymiyah provides a favorableenvironment to explore for a stockwork molybdenum deposit.

Open-File Report↗

Geologic log and chemical data, diamond drill hole 1, Samrah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Diamond drill hole number 1 at the Samrah ancient mine, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia penetrated a series of mineralized fractures. Lead, zinc, and silver are the principal ore metals and galena and sphalerito are the ore minerals identified to date. Throughout the core there is a somewhat better correlation of silver with zinc than with lead. The richest interval of core is in the main vein, 51-1/2 feet of core from 430 to 482 feet, and averages nearly 20 ounces of silver to the ton. Within this interval, 15 feet of core from 444 to 459 feet averages 60 ounces of silver to the ton. The richest single sample represents the five-foot interval from 454 to 459 feet and is reported to contain nearly 140 ounces of silver to the ton. All of these intervals contain recoverable quantities of lead and zinc and some contain a small amount of gold.

Open-File Report↗

Platinum and associated elements at the New Rambler mine and vicinity, Albany and Carbon Counties, Wyoming

Platinum-group metals in the Medicine Bow Mountains were first identified by W. C. Knight in 1901. In the Medicine Bow Mountains, these metals are commonly associated with copper, silver, or gold in shear zones that cut a series of mafic igneous and metamorphic rocks. At the New Rambler mine, where the initial discovery was made, about 50,000 tons of mine and mill waste contain an average of 0.3 percent copper, 7 ppm (parts per million) silver, 1 ppm platinum plus palladium, and 0.7 ppm gold. This material is believed to be from a low-grade envelope around the high-grade pod of complex ore that was mined selectively in the old workings. Soil samples in the vicinity of the New Rambler mine exhibit a wide range of content of several elements associated with the ore. Most of the variation can be attributed to contamination, from the mine workings. Even though soil samples identify a low-level copper anomaly that persists to the limit of the area sampled, soils do not offer a promising medium for tracing mineralization owing to the blanket of transported overburden. Stream sediments, if preconcentrated for analysis, do reveal anomalies not only in the contaminated stream below the New Rambler mine, but in adjacent drainage and on Dave Creek. Examination of a spectrum of elements in heavy-mineral concentrates from stream sediment may contribute to knowledge of the nature of the mineralization and of the basic geology of the environment. The sampling of bedrock exposures is not particularly fruitful because outcrops are sparse and the exposed rocks are the least altered and mineralized. Bedrock sampling does, however, provide information on the large size and provincial nature of the platinum-rich area. We feel that a properly integrated program of geological, geophysical, and geochemical exploration in the Medicine Bow Mountains and probably in the Sierra Madre to the west has a reasonable probability of successfully locating a complex ore body.

Circular↗

The precipitation of aluminum, iron and manganese at the junction of Deer Creek with the Snake River in Summit County, Colorado

The oxidation of disseminated pyrite in relatively acid schists and gneisses of the Snake River drainage basin provides abundant iron sulfate and sulfuric acid to ground and surface water. This acid water dissolves large quantities of many elements, particularly aluminum and surprisingly large quantities of elements, such as magnesium and zinc, not expected to be abundant in the drainage basin. The adjoining drainage to the west, Deer Creek, is underlain by basic rocks, from which the water inherits a high pH. Despite the presence of base- and precious- metal veins in the drainage basin of Deer Creek, it carries less metal than the Snake River. The principal precipitate on the bed of the Snake River is hydrated iron oxide with small quantities of the other metals. In Deer Creek manganese oxide is precipitated with iron oxide and large quantities of other metals are carried down with this precipitate. Below the junction of these streams the pH stabilizes at a near-neutral value. Iron is removed from the Snake River water at the junction, and aluminum is precipitated for some distance downstream. The aluminum precipitate carries down other metals in concentrations slightly less than that in the manganese precipitate on Deer Creek. The natural processes observed in this junction if carried to a larger scale could provide the mechanism described by Ansheles (1927) for the formation of bauxite. In the environment described, geochemical exploration by either water or stream sediment techniques is difficult because of (1) the extreme pH differential between the streams above their junction and (2) the difference in the precipitates formed on the streambeds.

Colorado↗

Description, composition, and tenor of unconsolidated sediments in monazite-bearing tributaries to the Broad River in the western Piedmont of South Carolina and North Carolina

The accompanying 10 tables were prepared during 1953-54 to assist in the appraisal of fluviatile monazite placers in the basin of the Broad River, South Carolina and North Carolina. Principal results have been summarized (Overstreet, Theobald, and Whitlow, 19)9, p. 709- 714). Details of the exploratory drilling of four monazite placers in this area were released in 1953 and 1954 (Griffith and Overstreet, 1955a, p. 3-30; 1953b, p. 3-17; 1953c, p. 3-27; Hansen and Cuppels, 1954, p. 3-27). The samples described were panned by the writer, his co-workers, and assistants .etween July and November 1931 and April and November 19,2. Co-workers were J. W. Whitlow, W. C. Overstreet, A. M. White, N. P. Cuppels, and D. W. Caldwell. Assistants were J. W. Keeler in 19)1 and B. F. Spradlin, P. E. Myers, and J. W. Wissert, Jr., in 1952. The methods used to collect the samples and pan the concentrates have been described in detail (Theobald, 3.957, p. 3-6).

North Carolina, South Carolina↗