Geology topics

Michael Browne

Publications and source records attributed to Michael Browne.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

USGS2018

Dietary bioprocessed soybean meal does not affect the growth of exercised juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Context : This 88-day experiment evaluated the rearing performance of juvenile rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) fed one of three isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets and reared at velocities of either 2.3 or 18.7 cm s -1 . Objective : Evaluate the effects of diet and exercise during rainbow trout rearing. Design : Fishmeal was the primary protein source for one diet, with bioprocessed soybean meal (BSM) replacing either 60 or 85% of the fishmeal in the other two diets. Setting : This study was performed at Cleghorn Springs State Fish Hatchery in Rapid City, South Dakota, USA. Results : At the end of the experiment there were no significant differences among the dietary treatments in gain, percent gain, specific growth rate (SGR), or percent mortality. However, fish fed the fishmeal-based diet ate significantly more, experienced a significantly higher feed conversion ratio (FCR), and had a significantly higher hepatosomatic index than the fish fed the 85% BSM diet. Intestinal histology was not affected by the inclusion of BSM. Fish reared at 2.3 cm/s -1 had significantly lower FCRs, gain, percent gain, and SGR than the fish reared at 18.7 cm/ s -1 . There was a significant interaction in food consumed between diet and velocity, but no other significant interactions between the dietary and exercise treatments were observed. Conclusion : Based on these results, BSM can replace at least 85% of the fishmeal in juvenile rainbow trout, even if the fish are exercised.

South Dakota↗

USGS2018

Rearing performance of juvenile brown trout Salmo trutta fed a bioprocessed soybean meal diet with differing velocity regimes

This 121-day experiment evaluated the rearing performance of brown trout Salmo trutta fed one of two isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets (46% protein, 16% lipid) and reared at velocities of either 2.8 or 16.1 cm/s. Fishmeal was the primary protein source for the reference diet, which was compared to a bioprocessed soybean meal ingredient that replaced approximately 67% of the fishmeal in the experimental diet. At the end of the experiment, there were no significant differences in gain, percent gain, feed conversion rates, nor specific growth rates between the dietary treatments. There were also no significant differences in intestinal morphology, splenosomatic, hepatosomatic, and viscerosomatic indices related to diet composition. However, gain, percent gain, feed fed, and specific growth rate were all significantly greater in brown trout reared at the higher velocity. No significant differences in any of the other variables measured were observed between the velocity treatments. There were no significant interactions between diet and velocity in any of the variables. Based on the results of this study, bioprocessed soybean meal can replace at least 67% of the fish meal in brown trout diets, regardless of the rearing velocities used in this study. Higher rearing velocities are recommended to maximize juvenile brown trout growth rates.

Open Journal of Animal Sciences↗

USGS2018

Direct substitution of fishmeal with bioprocessed soybean meal in brown trout diets

This 121-day experiment evaluated the rearing performance of juvenile brown trout ( Salmo trutta ; initial weight 56.1±1.6 g, length 167.2±1.4 mm, mean ±SE) fed one of four isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets (46% protein, 16% lipid). Fishmeal, the primary protein source for the reference diet, was compared to diets where bioprocessed soybean meal directly replaced approximately 60, 80, or 100% of the dietary fishmeal. At the end of the experiment there were no significant differences in gain, percent gain, food fed, feed conversion ratio, nor specific growth rate among any of the dietary treatments. Gains for the 0, 60, 80, and 100% treatments were 304.6 ± 40.3 g, 215.4±82.6 g, 199.0±39.4 g, and 218.1±37.0 g, respectively. There were also no significant differences observed in intestinal morphology, relative fin lengths, viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index, or splenosomatic index among the dietary treatments. Based on these results, bioprocessed soybean meal may be able to replace 100% of the dietary fishmeal in juvenile brown trout diets without any deleterious effects.

Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development↗

USGS2009

Invasive species information networks: Collaboration at multiple scales for prevention, early detection, and rapid response to invasive alien species

Accurate analysis of present distributions and effective modeling of future distributions of invasive alien species (IAS) are both highly dependent on the availability and accessibility of occurrence data and natural history information about the species. Invasive alien species monitoring and detection networks (such as the Invasive Plant Atlas of New England and the Invasive Plant Atlas of the MidSouth) generate occurrence data at local and regional levels within the United States, which are shared through the US National Institute of Invasive Species Science. The Inter-American Biodiversity Information Network's Invasives Information Network (I3N), facilitates cooperation on sharing invasive species occurrence data throughout the Western Hemisphere. The I3N and other national and regional networks expose their data globally via the Global Invasive Species Information Network (GISIN). International and interdisciplinary cooperation on data sharing strengthens cooperation on strategies and responses to invasions. However, limitations to effective collaboration among invasive species networks leading to successful early detection and rapid response to invasive species include: lack of interoperability; data accessibility; funding; and technical expertise. This paper proposes various solutions to these obstacles at different geographic levels and briefly describes success stories from the invasive species information networks mentioned above. Using biological informatics to facilitate global information sharing is especially critical in invasive species science, as research has shown that one of the best indicators of the invasiveness of a species is whether it has been invasive elsewhere. Data must also be shared across disciplines because natural history information (e.g. diet, predators, habitat requirements, etc.) about a species in its native range is vital for effective prevention, detection, and rapid response to an invasion. Finally, it has been our experience that sharing information, including invasive species dispersal mechanisms and rates, impacts, and prevention and control strategies, enables resource managers and decision-makers to mount a more effective response to biological invasions.

Biodiversity↗