Geology topics

David Butterfield

Publications and source records attributed to David Butterfield.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

USGS1983

Ground-water resources of the Rutland area, Vermont

Ground water in the Rutland area occurs both in the bedrock and the overlying unconsolidated glacial deposits. Bedrock in the area is composed of a series of metamorphic and igneous rocks. Water from wells drilled in bedrock can be obtained in sufficient quantities for domestic use nearly anywhere in the area. The median well yield for 4 different bedrock hydrogeologic units ranges from 2 to 7 gallons per minute. Unconsolidated deposits in the Rutland area include till, clay, sand, and gravel. Saturated sand and gravel capable of yielding more than 200 gallons per minute is found in the major valleys of the area. Chemical analyses of water from 72 wells indicate that 29 percent of these sources contain one or more constituents that exceed the limits recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1977, 1978) for public drinking water supplies. The most common problem constituents are iron and manganese. In addition, elevated levels of chloride and nitrate suggest that 65 percent of the sampled sources have some water-quality deterioration. (USGS)

Vermont↗

USGS1977

Ground-water resources of the Upper Winooski River basin, Vermont

Ground water in the upper Winooski River basin, Vermont, occurs in bedrock and in overlying unconsolidated deposits of glacial origin. Bedrock in the area is composed of a series of metamorphic and igneous rocks. Median yield for 126 wells in four different bedrock formations ranges from 5 to 6 gallons per minute, and median depth ranges from 130 to 200 feet. Lineaments, interpreted as fracture of breakage zones in bedrock, were mapped to identify zones where well yields are expected to be higher than average. Unconsolidated deposits in the upper Winooski River basin include unsorted till, water-sorted clay, silt, sand, and gravel. Properly constructed wells in saturated deposits of sand or gravel having high permeability can yield large quantities of water. Twenty-six domestic wells in these unconsolidated deposits have a median yield of 18 gallons per minute and a median depth of 58 feet. Chemical analysis of water from six wells indicate a median hardness of 120 milligrams per liter, (as CaCO 3 ), which is moderately hard. Iron and manganese are common constituents of ground water in the area, and several analyses show concentrations of these elements which exceed recommended National Academy of Sciences and National Academy of Engineering (1973) limits for public drinking water supplies.

Vermont↗

USGS1976

Ground-water resources of the Barre-Montpelier area, Vermont

A study of the ground-water resources of the Barre - Montpelier area (fig. 1), Washington County, was begun in 1968 as part of a cooperative program between the Vermont Department of Water Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey. The purpose of the study is to provide technical appraisal of potential sources of water to meet the expanded needs of most towns in Washington County, as pointed out by the Rural Comprehensive Water and Sewer Plan (Vermont Department Water Resources, 1969). Funding was made available by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Farmers Home Administration, for water-resources exploration, including the testing of the quantity and quality of the water in sand and gravel aquifers. The geology of the area was mapped, and private and municipal water supplies were inventoried in 1968.

Vermont↗

USGS1976

Ground-water resources of the White River Junction area, Vermont

A study of the ground-water resources of the White River Junction area, Windsor County, Vermont, was begun in 1969 as part of a cooperative program between the Vermont Department of Water Resources and the U.S. Geological Survey. The purpose of the study was to provide technical appraisal of potential sources of water to meet the expanded needs of many towns in Windsor County, as pointed out by the Rural Comprehensive Water and Sewer Plan (Vermont Department of Water Resources, 1969). Funding was made available by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Farmers Home Administration, for water-resources exploration, including the testing of the quantity and quality of the water in sand and gravel aquifers. The geology was mapped, and private and municipal water supplies were inventoried in 1969.

Vermont↗